Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

(for joining the army)

  • 1 go over the hill

    амер.; разг.
    1) смыться, драпануть из армии, дать тягу; дезертировать

    ‘Oh, Christ, Ackerman,’ Collins said, ‘you should have seen Colclough's face the day you went over the hill! It was worth joining the Army for.’ (I. Shaw, ‘The Young Lions’, ch. 19) — - Бог мой, Аккерман, - воскликнул Коллинз, - видел бы ты лицо Колклафа в тот день, когда ты смылся! Ради одного этого стоило пойти в армию.

    2) сдать, катиться вниз, под гору (тж. be over the hill)

    The point is this, Charlie: Here's the city goin' over the hill to the poor-house... and that dirty devil runnin' for four more years, just to make sure she gets there! (E. O'Connor, ‘The Lust Hurrah’, part I, ch. V) — Дело в том, Чарли, что наш город здорово сдал за последнее время: глядишь, скоро пойдет с сумой... А мерзавец Фрэнк Скеффингтон хочет еще на четыре года остаться мэром. Тогда уж это непременно случится.

    Some of the more famouse Irish names seemed to have gone over the hill as far as international matches are concerned. — Несколько выдающихся ирландских футболистов больше не котируются на международных матчах.

    Rumor has it that her husband has gone over the hill. (RHD) — Ходят слухи, что ее муж исчез внезапно и неизвестно куда.

    Large English-Russian phrasebook > go over the hill

  • 2 Physical

    1. adjective
    1) (material) physisch [Gewalt]; stofflich, dinglich [Welt, Universum]
    2) (of physics) physikalisch

    it's a physical impossibility — (fig.) es ist absolut unmöglich

    3) (bodily) körperlich; physisch

    you need to take more physical exercise — du brauchst mehr Bewegung

    4) (carnal, sensual) körperlich [Liebe]; sinnlich [Person, Ausstrahlung]
    2. noun
    ärztliche [Vorsorge]untersuchung; (for joining the army) Musterung, die
    * * *
    ['fizikəl]
    1) (of the body: Playing football is one form of physical fitness.) körperlich
    2) (of things that can be seen or felt: the physical world.) physisch
    3) (of the laws of nature: It's a physical impossibility for a man to fly like a bird.) physikalisch
    4) (relating to the natural features of the surface of the Earth: physical geography.) physikalisch
    5) (relating to physics: physical chemistry.) naturwissenschaftlich
    •
    - academic.ru/55270/physically">physically
    - physical education
    * * *
    physi·cal
    [ˈfɪzɪkəl]
    I. adj
    1. (of the body) condition, strength, weakness körperlich, physisch geh
    I'm not a very \physical sort of person (don't like sports) ich bin nicht gerade sehr sportlich; (don't like touching) ich bin mit Berührungen eher zurückhaltend
    \physical contact Körperkontakt m
    to have a \physical disability körperbehindert sein
    \physical exercise sportliche Betätigung
    \physical jerks BRIT ( hum dated) Turnübungen pl
    to get \physical rabiat werden
    2. (sexual) contact, love, relationship körperlich
    \physical attraction körperliche Anziehung
    to get \physical sich akk anfassen
    3. inv (material) physisch; object, world stofflich, dinglich
    the \physical characteristics of the terrain die geophysischen Eigenschaften der Gegend
    insurers are worried about the \physical condition of the vessels die Versicherungen machen sich Sorgen um den Materialzustand der Schiffe
    4. inv (of physics) physikalisch
    II. n MED Untersuchung f
    * * *
    ['fIzIkəl]
    1. adj
    1) (= of the body) körperlich; abuse, violence, punishment, discomfort physisch, körperlich; check-up ärztlich; (= not psychological) physisch

    you don't take/get enough physical exercise — Sie bewegen sich nicht genug

    he's very physical (inf) — er ist sehr sinnlich

    2) (= sexual) love, relationship körperlich
    3) (= material) physisch, körperlich; size physisch; world fassbar
    4) (= of physics) laws, properties physikalisch
    5) (= natural) environment physisch, real; conditions physisch
    6) (= actual) possession physisch, leibhaftig
    2. n
    ärztliche Untersuchung; (MIL) Musterung f
    * * *
    MPS abk Member of the Pharmaceutical ( oder Philological, Physical) Society
    * * *
    1. adjective
    1) (material) physisch [Gewalt]; stofflich, dinglich [Welt, Universum]
    2) (of physics) physikalisch

    it's a physical impossibility — (fig.) es ist absolut unmöglich

    3) (bodily) körperlich; physisch
    4) (carnal, sensual) körperlich [Liebe]; sinnlich [Person, Ausstrahlung]
    2. noun
    ärztliche [Vorsorge]untersuchung; (for joining the army) Musterung, die
    * * *
    adj.
    körperlich adj.
    physisch adj.
    technisch adj.

    English-german dictionary > Physical

  • 3 physical

    1. adjective
    1) (material) physisch [Gewalt]; stofflich, dinglich [Welt, Universum]
    2) (of physics) physikalisch

    it's a physical impossibility — (fig.) es ist absolut unmöglich

    3) (bodily) körperlich; physisch

    you need to take more physical exercise — du brauchst mehr Bewegung

    4) (carnal, sensual) körperlich [Liebe]; sinnlich [Person, Ausstrahlung]
    2. noun
    ärztliche [Vorsorge]untersuchung; (for joining the army) Musterung, die
    * * *
    ['fizikəl]
    1) (of the body: Playing football is one form of physical fitness.) körperlich
    2) (of things that can be seen or felt: the physical world.) physisch
    3) (of the laws of nature: It's a physical impossibility for a man to fly like a bird.) physikalisch
    4) (relating to the natural features of the surface of the Earth: physical geography.) physikalisch
    5) (relating to physics: physical chemistry.) naturwissenschaftlich
    •
    - academic.ru/55270/physically">physically
    - physical education
    * * *
    physi·cal
    [ˈfɪzɪkəl]
    I. adj
    1. (of the body) condition, strength, weakness körperlich, physisch geh
    I'm not a very \physical sort of person (don't like sports) ich bin nicht gerade sehr sportlich; (don't like touching) ich bin mit Berührungen eher zurückhaltend
    \physical contact Körperkontakt m
    to have a \physical disability körperbehindert sein
    \physical exercise sportliche Betätigung
    \physical jerks BRIT ( hum dated) Turnübungen pl
    to get \physical rabiat werden
    2. (sexual) contact, love, relationship körperlich
    \physical attraction körperliche Anziehung
    to get \physical sich akk anfassen
    3. inv (material) physisch; object, world stofflich, dinglich
    the \physical characteristics of the terrain die geophysischen Eigenschaften der Gegend
    insurers are worried about the \physical condition of the vessels die Versicherungen machen sich Sorgen um den Materialzustand der Schiffe
    4. inv (of physics) physikalisch
    II. n MED Untersuchung f
    * * *
    ['fIzIkəl]
    1. adj
    1) (= of the body) körperlich; abuse, violence, punishment, discomfort physisch, körperlich; check-up ärztlich; (= not psychological) physisch

    you don't take/get enough physical exercise — Sie bewegen sich nicht genug

    he's very physical (inf) — er ist sehr sinnlich

    2) (= sexual) love, relationship körperlich
    3) (= material) physisch, körperlich; size physisch; world fassbar
    4) (= of physics) laws, properties physikalisch
    5) (= natural) environment physisch, real; conditions physisch
    6) (= actual) possession physisch, leibhaftig
    2. n
    ärztliche Untersuchung; (MIL) Musterung f
    * * *
    physical [ˈfızıkl]
    A adj (adv → physically)
    1. physisch, körperlich:
    physical condition Gesundheitszustand m ( → A 2);
    physical culture Körperkultur f;
    physical education SCHULE Leibeserziehung f;
    physical examination ärztliche Untersuchung, MIL Musterung f;
    a) körperliche Tauglichkeit,
    b) Fitness f;
    physical force physische Gewalt;
    physical handicap MED Körperbehinderung f;
    physical inventory WIRTSCH Bestandsaufnahme f;
    physical possession JUR tatsächlicher oder physischer Besitz;
    physical stock WIRTSCH Lagerbestand m;
    physical strength Körperkraft f;
    physical training SCHULE Leibeserziehung f
    2. physikalisch:
    physical anthropology biologische Anthropologie (Teilgebiet der Biologie, das sich speziell mit dem Menschen beschäftigt);
    physical chemistry physikalische Chemie, Physikochemie f (Grenzgebiet zwischen Physik und Chemie, das sich mit den bei chemischen Vorgängen auftretenden Erscheinungen befasst);
    physical condition Aggregatzustand m ( → A 1);
    physical therapy MED physikalische Therapie ( → physiotherapy); → jerk1 A 3
    3. naturwissenschaftlich
    4. naturgesetzlich, physisch:
    physical impossibility umg völlige Unmöglichkeit
    5. natürlich
    6. sinnlich, fleischlich
    7. materiell
    8. SPORT
    a) körperbetont:
    be too physical den Körpereinsatz übertreiben
    b) ruppig
    B s ärztliche Untersuchung, MIL Musterung f
    phys. abk
    1. physical phys.
    3. physics pl
    4. physiological physiol.
    5. physiology Physiol.
    * * *
    1. adjective
    1) (material) physisch [Gewalt]; stofflich, dinglich [Welt, Universum]
    2) (of physics) physikalisch

    it's a physical impossibility — (fig.) es ist absolut unmöglich

    3) (bodily) körperlich; physisch
    4) (carnal, sensual) körperlich [Liebe]; sinnlich [Person, Ausstrahlung]
    2. noun
    ärztliche [Vorsorge]untersuchung; (for joining the army) Musterung, die
    * * *
    adj.
    körperlich adj.
    physisch adj.
    technisch adj.

    English-german dictionary > physical

  • 4 talla

    f.
    1 size (medida).
    ¿qué talla usas? what size are you?
    no es de mi talla it's not my size
    2 height (estatura).
    es de mi talla she's as tall as me
    3 stature.
    dar la talla to be up to it
    no dio la talla como representante del colegio he wasn't up to the task of representing his school
    5 cutting.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: tallar.
    * * *
    1 (estatura) height
    2 figurado (moral, intelectual) stature
    ■ ¿qué talla usa? what size is he?
    4 (escultura) carving, sculpture
    5 (tallado - piedras) cutting; (- metal) engraving
    \
    dar la talla para hacer algo figurado to be up to doing something
    de talla / de mucha talla figurado outstanding, prominent
    * * *
    noun f.
    5) size
    * * *
    I
    SF
    1) [de ropa] size

    ¿de qué talla son estos pantalones? — what size are these trousers?

    2) (=altura) height

    dar la talla — (lit) to be tall enough; (fig) to measure up

    no ha dado la talla para ingresar en el ejército — he wasn't tall enough to join the army, he didn't satisfy the minimum height requirement for joining the army

    no dio la talla como solista — he didn't make the grade as a soloist, he didn't measure up as a soloist

    3) (=categoría, nivel) stature
    4) (Arte) (=escultura) sculpture; [de madera] carving; (=grabado) engraving

    talla en madera — woodwork, wood carving

    5) (=vara) measuring rod
    6) (Naipes) hand
    7) (Med) † gallstones operation
    8) (Jur) † reward ( for capture of a criminal)
    II
    SF
    1) CAm (=mentira) fib, lie
    2) Cono Sur (=chismes) gossip, chitchat; (=piropo) compliment
    3) And (=paliza) beating
    4) Méx * (=pelea) set-to *, squabble
    * * *
    1)
    a) (Indum) size

    ¿cuál es su talla? — what size are you?

    de o en todas las tallas — in all sizes

    b) ( estatura) size, height

    dar la talla — ( en altura) to be tall enough; ( mostrarse competente) to make the grade, measure up

    una revista de la talla de `Semana' — a magazine as important as `Semana'

    2) ( escultura) sculpture; ( de madera) carving; ( de piedras preciosas) cutting
    3) (AmL) (Jueg)
    a) ( repartición) deal
    b) ( banca) bank
    4) (Chi fam)
    a) ( dicho) joke, wisecrack (colloq)
    b) ( broma) practical joke
    * * *
    Ex. She situates the vessels in the context of Icelandic carving traditions in horn, bone, and walrus ivory = Ella sitúa las vasijas en el contexto de la tradición islandesa de la escultura en astas de cuernos, huesos y marfil de morsa.
    ----
    * dar la talla = be up to the mark, be up to scratch, measure up (to), be up to snuff, make + the cut.
    * de talla media = middle-sized.
    * de talla mundial = world-class.
    * talla de madera = wood carving.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (Indum) size

    ¿cuál es su talla? — what size are you?

    de o en todas las tallas — in all sizes

    b) ( estatura) size, height

    dar la talla — ( en altura) to be tall enough; ( mostrarse competente) to make the grade, measure up

    una revista de la talla de `Semana' — a magazine as important as `Semana'

    2) ( escultura) sculpture; ( de madera) carving; ( de piedras preciosas) cutting
    3) (AmL) (Jueg)
    a) ( repartición) deal
    b) ( banca) bank
    4) (Chi fam)
    a) ( dicho) joke, wisecrack (colloq)
    b) ( broma) practical joke
    * * *

    Ex: She situates the vessels in the context of Icelandic carving traditions in horn, bone, and walrus ivory = Ella sitúa las vasijas en el contexto de la tradición islandesa de la escultura en astas de cuernos, huesos y marfil de morsa.

    * dar la talla = be up to the mark, be up to scratch, measure up (to), be up to snuff, make + the cut.
    * de talla media = middle-sized.
    * de talla mundial = world-class.
    * talla de madera = wood carving.

    * * *
    A
    ¿cuál es su talla? what size are you?
    ¿qué talla usa? what size do you take?
    una camisa de la talla 42 a size 42 shirt
    te hace falta una talla más you need the next size up o a size larger
    abrigos en todas las tallas coats in all sizes
    2 (estatura) size, height
    de talla mediana of medium height
    dar la talla (en altura) to be tall enough; (mostrarse competente) to make the grade, measure up
    3
    (categoría): un escritor de talla internacional/de gran talla a writer of international/of considerable stature
    una revista de la talla de `Semana' a magazine as important as `Semana'
    B
    1 (escultura) sculpture
    2 (de madera) carving
    2 (banca) bank
    ¿quién tiene or lleva la talla? who's the bank?, who's banker?
    E ( Chi fam)
    1 (dicho) joke, wisecrack ( colloq)
    2 (broma) practical joke
    * * *

     

    Del verbo tallar: ( conjugate tallar)

    talla es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    talla    
    tallar
    talla sustantivo femenino
    a) (Indum) size;

    ◊ ¿cuál es su talla? what size are you?;

    de o en todas las tallas in all sizes


    tallar ( conjugate tallar) verbo transitivo
    1 ‹ madera› to carve;
    ‹escultura/mármol› to sculpt;
    ‹ piedras preciosas› to cut
    2 (Méx)


    verbo intransitivo (Col) [ zapatos] to be too tight
    tallarse verbo pronominal (Méx)


    ‹ ojos› to rub
    talla sustantivo femenino
    1 (de ropa) size
    ¿cuál es tu talla?, what size are you?
    2 (altura) height, stature: no da la talla para jugar al baloncesto, he's not tall enough to play basketball
    3 (categoría, importancia) standing
    un pintor de gran talla, a painter of great stature
    4 (acción de tallar: piedras preciosas) cutting
    (: madera) carving
    (: metal) engraving
    5 (escultura tallada) sculpture, (wood) carving
    ♦ Locuciones: figurado dar la talla, to make the grade, measure up
    tallar verbo transitivo
    1 (dar forma, esculpir) to sculpt
    (piedras preciosas) to cut
    (la madera) to carve
    (el metal) to engrave
    2 (medir a una persona) to measure the height of
    ' talla' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    belleza
    - mayor
    - sentar
    - única
    - único
    - quedar
    English:
    fit
    - height
    - M
    - scratch
    - size
    - take
    - wanting
    - woodcarving
    - carving
    - L
    - medium
    - out
    - preferably
    - stature
    * * *
    talla nf
    1. [medida] size;
    ¿qué talla usas? what size are you?;
    ¿qué talla de camisa usas? what size shirt are you?, what size shirt do you take?;
    yo uso la talla XL I take size XL;
    unos pantalones de la talla 44 a pair of size 44 trousers;
    gorros de talla única one-size caps;
    no es de mi talla it's not my size
    2. [estatura] height;
    ¿qué talla tiene el bebé? what does the baby measure?;
    es de mi talla she's my height
    3. [valor, capacidad] stature;
    hay pocos atletas de la talla del cubano there are few athletes to match the Cuban;
    políticos de gran talla moral politicians of considerable moral stature;
    dar la talla to be up to it;
    no dio la talla como representante del colegio he wasn't up to the task of representing his school
    4. [figura tallada] [en madera] carving;
    [en piedra] sculpture, carving; [en metal] sculpture
    5. [tallado] [de madera] carving;
    [piedra] sculpting, carving; [de metal] sculpting; [de piedras preciosas] cutting
    * * *
    f
    1 size;
    de gran talla fig outstanding;
    dar la talla fig make the grade
    2 ( estatura) height
    3 C.Am. ( mentira) lie
    * * *
    talla nf
    1) estatura: height
    2) : size (in clothing)
    3) : stature, status
    4) : sculpture, carving
    * * *
    ¿qué talla usas? what size are you?

    Spanish-English dictionary > talla

  • 5 Eintritt

    m
    1. entry (in + Akk into) (auch fig.); theatralischer etc.: entrance (into); „Eintritt verboten!“ no admittance; beim Eintritt ins Zimmer / in die Erdatmosphäre on entering the room / the earth’s atmosphere
    2. (Beitritt) entry (in + Akk into); Eintritt in eine Firma / Partei joining a company / party; nach seinem Eintritt in die Partei etc. after he had joined the party etc.
    3. (Anfang) beginning, start; von Wetter, Winter, MED. etc.: onset; bei / nach Eintritt der Dunkelheit when darkness falls / after dark
    4. eines Umstandes etc.: occurrence; bei Eintritt des Todes when death occurs; bei Eintritt eines solchen Falles if a case like this occurs, in a case such as this
    5. (Einlass) admission; Eintritt frei admission free; was verlangen sie für den Eintritt? what do they charge for admission?
    6. Gebühr: admission fee; SPORT gate money
    * * *
    der Eintritt
    (Eingang) entrance; entry;
    (Eintrittsgeld) admission;
    (Verein) joining
    * * *
    Ein|tritt
    m
    1) (= das Eintreten) entry (
    in +acc (in)to); (ins Zimmer etc) entry, entrance; (in Verein, Partei etc) joining ( in +acc of)

    beim Éíntritt ins Zimmer — when or on entering the room

    "Eintritt im Sekretariat" — "entrance through the office"

    seine Beziehungen erleichterten ihm den Éíntritt ins Geschäftsleben — his connections made it easier for him to get into the business world

    der Éíntritt in den Staatsdienst — entry (in)to the civil service

    die Schule soll auf den Éíntritt ins Leben vorbereiten — school should prepare you for going out into life

    der Éíntritt in die EU — entry to the EU

    der Éíntritt ins Gymnasium — starting at grammar school (Brit) or high school (US)

    seit seinem Éíntritt in die Armee — since joining the army, since joining up

    2) (= Eintrittsgeld) admission (
    in +acc to); (= Einlass) admission, admittance ( in +acc to)

    was kostet der Éíntritt? — how much or what is the admission?

    Éíntritt frei! — admission free

    Éíntritt EUR 10 — admission EUR 10

    "Eintritt verboten" — " no admittance"

    gewähren (form) — to allow or permit sb to enter sth, to grant sb admission to sth (form)

    3) (von Winter, Dunkelheit) onset

    bei Éíntritt eines solchen Falles — in such an event

    der Éíntritt des Todes — the moment when death occurs

    bei Éíntritt der Dunkelheit — at nightfall, as darkness fell/falls

    * * *
    der
    2) ((an) act of coming in or going in: They were silenced by the entry of the headmaster.) entry
    * * *
    Ein·tritt
    m
    1. (geh: das Betreten)
    ▪ jds \Eintritt in etw akk sb's entrance into sth form
    \Eintritt verboten no admission
    2. (Beitritt) accession
    ▪ jds \Eintritt in etw akk sb's joining sth
    wann hat er sich denn zum \Eintritt in die Partei entschlossen? so when did he decide to join the party?
    3. (Eintrittsgeld) entrance fee, admission
    \Eintritt frei admission free
    ▪ jds \Eintritt [zu etw dat/in etw akk] sb's admission [to sth]
    ▪ der \Eintritt [zu etw dat/in etw akk] admission [to sth]
    5. (Beginn) onset
    bei/vor \Eintritt der Dunkelheit when/before darkness falls [or nightfall]
    nach \Eintritt der Dunkelheit after dark, after darkness has fallen
    der \Eintritt des Todes (geh) death
    6. (Erfüllen) fulfilment [or AM -fill-]
    \Eintritt einer Bedingung fulfilment of a condition
    * * *
    1) entry; entrance

    sich (Dat.) [in etwas (Akk.)] Eintritt verschaffen — gain entry [to something]

    vor dem Eintritt in die Verhandlungen — (fig.) before entering into negotiations

    der Eintritt in einen Verein/Orden — joining a club/entering a religious order

    3) (Zugang, Eintrittsgeld) admission

    [der] Eintritt [ist] frei — admission [is] free

    4) (Beginn) onset
    5) (eines Ereignisses) occurrence
    * * *
    1. entry (
    in +akk into) (auch fig); theatralischer etc: entrance (into);
    „Eintritt verboten!“ no admittance;
    beim Eintritt ins Zimmer/in die Erdatmosphäre on entering the room/the earth’s atmosphere
    2. (Beitritt) entry (
    in +akk into);
    Eintritt in eine Firma/Partei joining a company/party;
    nach seinem Eintritt in die Partei etc after he had joined the party etc
    3. (Anfang) beginning, start; von Wetter, Winter, MED etc onset;
    bei/nach Eintritt der Dunkelheit when darkness falls/after dark
    4. eines Umstandes etc: occurrence;
    bei Eintritt des Todes when death occurs;
    bei Eintritt eines solchen Falles if a case like this occurs, in a case such as this
    5. (Einlass) admission;
    Eintritt frei admission free;
    was verlangen sie für den Eintritt? what do they charge for admission?
    6. Gebühr: admission fee; SPORT gate money
    * * *
    1) entry; entrance

    sich (Dat.) [in etwas (Akk.)] Eintritt verschaffen — gain entry [to something]

    vor dem Eintritt in die Verhandlungen — (fig.) before entering into negotiations

    der Eintritt in einen Verein/Orden — joining a club/entering a religious order

    3) (Zugang, Eintrittsgeld) admission

    [der] Eintritt [ist] frei — admission [is] free

    4) (Beginn) onset
    5) (eines Ereignisses) occurrence
    * * *
    -e m.
    admission n.
    admittance n.
    entrance n.
    entry n.
    ingress n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Eintritt

  • 6 be

    I [biː] гл., прош. вр. 1 л., 3 л. ед. was, 2 л. ед., мн. were, прич. прош. вр. been
    1) быть; быть живым, жить; существовать

    I think, therefore I am. — Я мыслю, следовательно, существую.

    Tyrants and sycophants have been and are. — Тираны и подхалимы были и есть.

    So much that was not is beginning to be. — Так много из того, чего раньше не было, появляется.

    Content to be and to be well. — Он доволен, что жив, и что у него всё неплохо.

    Syn:
    2) происходить, случаться, иметь место

    Be it as it may. — Будь как будет.

    The flower-show was last week. — На прошлой неделе была выставка цветов.

    Syn:
    take place, happen, occur
    3) занимать (какое-л. место, положение); находиться (где-л.), принимать (какую-л.) позу или позицию

    I'm sorry, Mr Baker is not at home; can I take a message? — Мистера Бейкера нет дома, что-нибудь передать ему?

    Your book is here, under the table. — Да вот твоя книжка, под столом.

    You shall be beside me in the church. — Ты будешь стоять рядом со мной в церкви.

    The bank is between the shoe shop and the post office. — Банк расположен между почтой и обувным магазином.

    The valley where we live is beyond the mountains. — Долина, в которой мы живём, расположена за этими горами.

    Is Mary down yet? Her eggs are getting cold. — Разве Мэри ещё не спустилась (к завтраку)? Её яичница остывает.

    We must try to be away by 8 o'clock. — Нужно попытаться к 8 часам уже уйти.

    There's nobody about, you'd better come back later. — Сейчас никого нет, может быть, вам лучше зайти попозже?

    Jim is about somewhere, if you'd like to wait. — Джим где-то поблизости, вы можете подождать.

    There's a branch above you - can you reach it? — Над тобой ветка, достанешь до неё?

    The captain of a ship is above a seaman. — Звание капитана корабля выше звания матроса.

    Jim was abreast of the leading runner for a few minutes but then fell behind. — Сначала Джим бежал наравне с лидером, но потом отстал.

    When all your toys are away, I will read you a story. — Я почитаю тебе сказку, если ты уберёшь на место все игрушки.

    The hotel is on the upper floors, and the shops are below. — Гостиница расположена на верхних этажах, а магазин - ниже.

    The home of a rabbit is usually beneath the ground. — Кролики обычно роют свои норки в земле.

    Long skirts will be back next year. — В следующем году в моде снова будут длинные юбки.

    So many children are away this week with colds. — На этой неделе многие дети отсутствуют по болезни.

    When I returned from the police station, the jewels were back in their box; the thieves must have got frightened and replaced them. — Когда я вернулась домой из полиции, драгоценности снова были в шкатулке. Должно быть, воры испугались и положили их обратно.

    Your letters are behind the clock, where I always put them. — Твои письма за часами; там, куда я всегда кладу их.

    4) находиться в (каком-л.) состоянии; обладать (каким-л.) качеством

    to be afraid — страшиться, бояться, трусить; опасаться

    to be amazed / astonished — изумляться, удивляться

    to be frightened / startled — пугаться

    to be indignant — негодовать, возмущаться; обижаться, сердиться

    to be slow / tardy — медлить, мешкать; опаздывать, запаздывать; отставать

    to be stuffed — объедаться, переедать

    to be remorseful — раскаиваться; сокрушаться; каяться, сожалеть

    to be in a hurry — спешить, торопиться

    to be lenient — попустительствовать, потакать, потворствовать

    to be mistaken — заблуждаться, ошибаться

    to be at an end — заканчиваться, подходить к концу

    My patience is at an end, I can listen to her complaints no longer. — Моё терпение лопнуло, я больше не могу слушать её жалобы.

    It's quite dark, it must be after 10 o'clock. — Уже довольно темно, сейчас, должно быть, около 10 часов.

    Proposals that have been under deliberation. — Предложения, которые рассматривались.

    5) ( have been) побывать (где-л.)

    Where have you been? I've just been about the town. — Где ты был? Гулял по городу.

    Syn:
    6) оставаться, пребывать (в каком-л. состоянии); не меняться, продолжать быть, как раньше

    Let things be. — Пусть всё будет как есть.

    Syn:

    Being they are Church-men, we may rather suspect... — Имея в виду, что они священники, можно подозревать…

    8) принадлежать (кому-л.), относиться ( к чему-л); сопровождать, сопутствовать

    Well is him that hath (= has) found prudence. — Благо тому, кто стал благоразумен.

    Good fortune be with you. — Пусть удача сопутствует тебе.

    Syn:
    9) (there + личная форма от be) иметься, наличествовать

    There is some cheese in the fridge. — В холодильнике есть немного сыра.

    There are many problems with her essay. — С её эссе много проблем.

    а) означать, значить; быть эквивалентным чему-л.

    To fall was to die. — Упасть означало умереть.

    I'll tell you what it is, you must leave. — Я тебе скажу, в чём дело - тебе уходить пора.

    State is me. — Государство это я.

    Let thinking be reasoning. — Будем считать, что думать значит размышлять.

    б) занимать место в ряду; характеризоваться признаками

    Only by being man can we know man. — Только будучи людьми мы можем познать человека.

    He was of Memphis. — Он был из Мемфиса.

    в) иметь значение, быть значимым

    Is it nothing to you? —Это ничего для тебя не значит?

    11) (if … were / was to do smth.) если бы … имело место ( сослагательное наклонение)

    If I were to propose, would you accept? — Если бы я сделал тебе предложение, ты бы согласилась?

    12) (be to do smth.) быть обязанным сделать (что-л.; выражает долженствование)

    The president is to arrive at 9.30. — Президент должен приехать в 9.30.

    You are not to leave before I say so. — Ты не должен уходить, пока я тебе не разрешу.

    I was this morning to buy silk for a nightcap. — Тем утром мне нужно было сходить купить шёлка на ночной колпак.

    He is to go home. — Он должен пойти домой.

    13) (be + about to do smth.) собираться (сделать что-л.)

    He is about to go. — Он собирается уходить.

    The water is about to boil. — Вода вот-вот закипит.

    Syn:
    14) ( be about) делать, исполнять; заниматься (чем-л.)

    What are you about? I'm about my business. — Чем вы сейчас занимаетесь? У меня свой бизнес.

    15) ( be above) быть безупречным, вне подозрений, выше критики

    Her action during the fire was above reproach. — Её поведение во время пожара было безупречным.

    The chairman's decision is not above criticism. — С решением председателя можно поспорить.

    16) ( be after)
    а) преследовать (кого-л.)

    Why is the dog running so fast? He's after rabbits. — Почему собака так быстро бежит? Она гонится за кроликом.

    Quick, hide me, the police are after me! — Спрячь меня скорее, за мной гонится полиция.

    Jim is after another job. — Джим хочет устроиться на другую работу.

    Don't marry him, he's only after your money. — Не выходи за него замуж, ему нужны только твои деньги.

    She's been after me for a year to buy her a new coat. — Она целый год приставала ко мне, чтобы ей купили новое пальто.

    в) разг. журить, бранить; ругать

    She's always after the children for one thing or another. — Она всегда за что-нибудь ругает детей.

    17) ( be against)
    а) противостоять (кому-л. / чему-л.)

    Driving without seat belts may soon be against the law. — Вести машину непристёгнутым скоро может стать нарушением правил.

    Father was against (his daughter) marrying young. — Отец был против того, чтобы дочь выходила замуж в юном возрасте.

    б) противоречить (чему-л.)

    Lying is against my principles. — Ложь противоречит моим жизненным принципам.

    18) ( be along) приходить

    Jim will be along (to the meeting) in a minute. — Через минуту-другую Джим придёт.

    19) ( be at)
    а) разг. настроиться на (что-л.)
    Syn:
    drive 1. 16)
    б) разг. ругать (кого-л.), нападать на (кого-л.), приставать к (кому-л.)
    в) осуществлять активно (что-л.), посвятить себя (чему-л.)

    Jim has been at his work for hours. — Джим часами сидит за работой.

    г) разг. быть популярным, быть модным

    You must get your clothes in the King's Road, that's where it's at. — Ты можешь отвезти свою одежду на Кинг Роуд, там её оценят по достоинству.

    д) трогать (что-л.) чужое; рыться в (чем-л.)
    Syn:
    meddle 2)
    е) атаковать (кого-л.)

    Our men are ready, sir, all armed and eager to be at the enemy. — Солдаты находятся в боевой готовности, сэр, они все вооружены и жаждут броситься в бой.

    ж) приводить к (чему-л.), заканчиваться (чем-л.)

    What would he be at? - At her, if she's at leisure. — Ну и чего он достигнет? - Будет рядом с ней, если ей захочется.

    20) ( be before) обвиняться, предстать перед (судом, законом)

    Peter has been before the court again on a charge of driving while drunk. — Питер снова предстал перед судом за то, что находился за рулём в нетрезвом состоянии.

    Syn:
    bring 5), go 1. 25)
    21) ( be behind) служить причиной, крыться за (чем-л.), стоять за (чем-л.)

    What's behind his offer? — Интересно, что заставило его сделать такое предложение?

    22) ( be below)
    а) быть ниже (нормы, стандартных требований)

    I'm disappointed in your work; it is below your usual standard. — Я неприятно удивлён результатами вашей работы, обычно вы справляетесь с заданием гораздо лучше.

    б) быть ниже по званию, чину

    A captain is below a major. — Капитан по званию ниже, чем майор.

    By joining the army late, he found that he was below many men much younger than himself. — Довольно поздно вступив на военную службу, он обнаружил, что многие из тех, кто младше его по возрасту, старше по званию.

    23) ( be beneath) быть позорным для (кого-л.); быть ниже (чьго-л.) достоинства

    Cheating at cards is beneath me. — Я считаю ниже своего достоинства жульничать при игре в карты.

    I should have thought it was beneath you to consider such an offer. — Я должен был догадаться, что вы сочтёте недостойным рассматривать подобные предложения.

    24) ( be beyond)
    а) выходить за пределы возможного или ожидаемого; не подлежать (чему-л.), выходить за рамки (чего-л.)

    to be beyond a joke — переставать быть забавным; становиться слишком серьёзным

    Your continual lateness is now beyond a joke; if you're not on time tomorrow, you will be dismissed. — Ваши постоянные опоздания уже перестали быть просто шуткой; если вы и завтра не придёте вовремя, мы вынуждены будем вас уволить.

    Your rudeness is beyond endurance - kindly leave my house! — Ваша грубость становится невыносимой, я бы попросил вас покинуть мой дом!

    The soldier's brave deed was beyond the call of duty. — Храбрый поступок солдата превосходил обычное представление о долге.

    Calling spirits from the dead proved to be beyond the magician's powers. — Вызывать духов умерших людей оказалось за пределами возможностей чародея.

    I'm afraid this old piano is now beyond repair so we'd better get rid of it. — Боюсь, что это старое пианино не подлежит ремонту, и лучше было бы избавиться от него.

    б) превзойти (что-л.)

    The amount of money that I won was beyond all my hopes. — Сумма выигрыша была намного больше того, о чём я мог хотя бы мечтать.

    в) = be beyond one's ken быть слишком сложным для (кого-л.); быть выше (чьего-л.) понимания

    I'm afraid this book's beyond me; have you an easier one? — Мне кажется, что эта книга слишком сложная для меня; у вас нет чего-нибудь попроще?

    It's beyond me which house to choose, they're both so nice! — Я решительно не знаю, какой дом выбрать. Они оба такие красивые!

    The details of different kinds of life insurance are quite beyond my ken, so I have to take the advice of professionals. — Вопросы особенностей и различных видов медицинского страхования слишком трудны для моего понимания. Лучше я обращусь к помощи специалистов.

    Syn:
    get 1. 28)
    25) ( be for) поддерживать (кого-л. / что-л.) ; быть "за" (что-л.), защищать (что-л.)

    I'm for it. — Я за, я поддерживаю.

    You are for the chairman's plan, aren't you? Yes, I'm all for it. — Вы одобряете план, предложенный председателем, не так ли? Да, мне он нравится.

    No, I'm for keeping the old methods. — Нет, я приверженец старых методов.

    Syn:
    26) ( be into) разг. быть заинтересованным в (чём-л.)

    She doesn't eat meat now, she's really into health food. — Она не ест мяса и увлекается здоровой пищей.

    27) ( be off)
    а) не посещать (работу, учёбу); закончить (работу, выполнение обязанностей)

    Jane was off school all last week with her cold. — Джейн всю прошлую неделю не ходила в школу по болезни.

    в) не хотеть, не быть заинтересованным; перестать интересоваться

    Jane has been off her food since she caught a cold. — С тех пор, как Джейн простудилась, ей не хотелось есть.

    I've been off that kind of music for some time now. — Некоторое время мне не хотелось слушать такую музыку.

    28) ( be (up)on)

    Mother has been on that medicine for months, and it doesn't seem to do her any good. — Мама принимает это лекарство уже несколько месяцев, и кажется, что оно ей совсем не помогает.

    I've been on this treatment for some weeks and I must say I do feel better. — Я уже несколько недель принимаю это лекарство и, должен сказать, чувствую себя лучше.

    б) делать ставку на (кого-л. / что-л.)

    My money's on Sam, is yours? — Я поставил на Сэма, а ты?

    Our money's on Northern Dancer to win the third race. — Мы поставили на то, что Северный Танцор выиграет в третьем забеге.

    Syn:
    stake II 2., wager
    в) разг. быть оплаченным (кем-л.)

    Put your money away, this meal is on me. — Убери деньги, я заплачу за обед.

    29) ( be onto)
    а) связаться с (кем-л.; особенно по телефону)

    I've been onto the director, but he says he can't help. — Я разговаривал с директором, но он говорит, что не может помочь.

    б) разг. постоянно просить (кого-л.) о (чём-л.)

    She's been onto me to buy her a new coat for a year. — Она постоянно в течение года просила меня купить ей новое пальто.

    в) разг. открывать, обнаруживать (что-л.)

    Don't think I haven't been onto your little plan for some time. — Не думай, что я не знал какое-то время о твоём плане.

    The police are onto us, we'd better hide. — Полиция знает о нас, уж лучше мы спрячемся.

    30) ( be over) тратить много времени на (что-л.); долго заниматься (чем-л.), долго сидеть над (чем-л.)

    Don't be all night over finishing your book. — Не сиди всю ночь напролёт, заканчивая свою книгу.

    31) ( be past) быть трудным (для понимания, совершения)

    It's past me what he means! — Я совершенно не понимаю, что он имеет в виду.

    I'll save this book till the children are older; it's a little past them at the moment. — Я приберегу эту книгу до тех пор, пока дети немного повзрослеют. Сейчас она слишком сложна для них.

    The old man felt that he was now past going out every day, so he asked some young people to do his shopping. — Пожилой человек почувствовал, что ему становится трудно выходить на улицу каждый день, и он попросил молодых людей покупать ему продукты.

    Syn:
    get 1. 28)
    32) ( be under)
    а) подчиняться (кому-л.)

    The whole army is under the general's command. — Вся армия находится под командованием генерала.

    б) лечиться (у какого-л. врача)

    Jane has been under that doctor for three years. — Джейн в течение трёх лет лечилась у этого врача.

    в) чувствовать влияние, находиться под влиянием (чего-л.)

    When Jim came home singing and shouting, we knew that he was under the influence of drink. — Когда Джим с криками и пением пришёл домой, мы поняли, что он был пьян.

    33) ( be with)
    а) разг. поддерживать (кого-л.)

    We're with you all the way in your fight for equal rights. — Мы от всей души поддерживаем вас в борьбе за равноправие.

    б) разг. понимать и любить (что-л. современное); одобрять

    I'm not with these new fashions, I find them ugly. — Я не понимаю нынешних течений в моде. По-моему, это просто ужасно.

    34) ( be within) принадлежать, являться частью (чего-л.)

    I can answer your question if it's within my competence. — Я могу ответить на ваш вопрос, если это входит в сферу моей компетенции.

    35) ( be without) не хватать, недоставать

    Many homes in Britain were without electricity during parts of the winter. — Временами зимой во многих домах Великобритании отключали электричество.

    •
    - be around
    - be away
    - be behind
    - be below
    - be down
    - be in
    - be inside
    - be off
    - be on
    - be out
    - be over
    - be round
    - be through
    - be up
    ••

    to be down in the dumps / mouth — быть в плохом настроении / нездоровым; быть не в форме

    to be in accord / harmony with smb. — иметь хорошие отношения с (кем-л.); иметь одинаковые вкусы, мнения с (кем-л.)

    to be out in force / large numbers / strength — присутствовать, дежурить на улицах в большом количестве

    - have been and gone and done
    - be above one's head
    - be above oneself
    - be abreast of
    - be all eyes
    - be at a dead end
    - be at a loss
    - be at attention
    - be at each other's throats
    - be at ease
    - be at it
    - be at loggerheads
    - be at pains
    - be behind bars
    - be behind the times
    - be beneath contempt
    - be beneath smb.'s dignity
    - be beneath smb.'s notice
    - be beside oneself
    - be beyond question
    - be beyond redemption
    - be down for the count
    - be down on one's luck
    - be hard up for
    - be hip to
    - be in at the finish
    - be in charge
    - be in collision with
    - be in for smth.
    - be in line with
    - be in on the ground floor
    - be in the chair
    - be in the money
    - be in the way
    - be on full time
    - be on the make
    - be on the point
    - be onto a good thing
    - be over and done with
    - be ahead
    - be amiss     II [biː] вспомогательный глагол; прош. вр. 1 л., 3 л. ед. was, 2 л. ед., мн. were, прич. прош. вр. been

    He was talking of you. — Он говорил о тебе.

    A man who is being listened to. — Человек, которого сейчас слушают.

    2) в сочетании с причастием настоящего времени или инфинитивом выражает будущее действие

    She is visiting there next week. — Она приедет сюда на следующей неделе.

    He is to see me today. — Он сегодня придёт меня повидать.

    The date was fixed. — Дата была зафиксирована.

    His book will be published. — Его книга будет опубликована.

    The political aspect of the subject has not been approached. — Политический аспект проблемы до сих пор не рассматривался.

    4) уст. с причастием прошедшего времени передаёт перфектное значение для непереходных глаголов

    Therefore I am returned. — И поэтому я вернулся.

    His parents were grown old. — Его родители состарились.

    Англо-русский современный словарь > be

  • 7 sisto

    sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

    for steterant,

    Verg. A. 3, 110;

    steterint,

    id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.
    I.
    Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).
    A.
    Causative, with acc.
    1.
    To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

    O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

    Verg. G. 2, 489:

    tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

    id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

    v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

    Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

    jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

    plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

    disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

    Stat. Th. 7, 393:

    (equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

    Verg. A. 2, 245:

    aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

    Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

    victima Sistitur ante aras,

    Ov. M. 15, 132:

    quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

    Verg. A. 8, 85:

    post haec Sistitur crater,

    Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

    cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

    Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —
    2.
    To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

    terrā sistēre petitā,

    id. ib. 3, 635:

    (vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

    Verg. A. 6, 676:

    ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

    to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

    hic siste patrem,

    Sen. Phoen. 121:

    Annam huc siste sororem,

    Verg. A. 4, 634.—
    3.
    To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

    aciem in litore sistit,

    Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

    sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

    Tac. H. 3, 21.—
    4.
    Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

    des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

    Cic. Att. 3, 25:

    te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

    id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

    hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

    Verg. A. 11, 853.—
    5.
    With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

    supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

    I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

    omnia salva sistentur tibi,

    all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

    suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

    id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

    rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

    will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

    neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

    that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

    cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

    Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

    tutum patrio te limine sistam,

    will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

    praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

    Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    Pelasgis siste levem campum,

    Stat. Th. 8, 328:

    modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

    Tac. A. 2, 14:

    operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

    give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—
    b.
    Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):

    tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,

    id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—
    B.
    As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);

    constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,

    will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

    ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,

    id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):

    ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,

    to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:

    neque posse in terrā sistere terram,

    nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:

    at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,

    id. 4, 415:

    incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

    to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:

    quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,

    Ov. M. 1, 307. —
    C.
    As jurid. term.
    1.
    In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:

    cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,

    Gai. 4, 184:

    fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,

    that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):

    testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,

    id. ib. 6, 25:

    quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),

    Liv. 3, 45, 3:

    interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,

    Gell. 7, 1, 10:

    si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,

    Dig. 2, 11, 11:

    si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,

    ib. 2, 9, 5:

    sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,

    ib. 2, 9, 6:

    cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,

    ib. 2, 6, 4:

    si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,

    ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—
    2.
    Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;

    vadimonium sistit,

    Cic. Quint. 8, 30:

    ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,

    Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—
    D.
    Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:

    ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,

    tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,

    produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:

    nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:

    vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,

    Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —
    E.
    Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:

    sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,

    Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:

    apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,

    the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—
    F.
    Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;

    mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,

    Tac. A. 15, 72:

    cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,

    id. ib. 4 37:

    at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,

    id. ib. 15, 18:

    monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,

    id. H. 4, 53:

    sistere monumenta,

    Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.
    II.
    Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.
    A.
    Causative (rare;

    perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,

    Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;

    v. sto),

    Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

    non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,

    Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—
    B.
    Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:

    nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,

    Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—
    2.
    Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:

    nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,

    Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:

    donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,

    Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.
    III.
    Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.
    A.
    Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).
    a.
    To stand still:

    solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,

    Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):

    sistunt amnes,

    Verg. G. 1, 479:

    incurrit, errat, sistit,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—
    b.
    To remain, stop:

    Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?

    Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:

    vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?

    will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—
    c.
    Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:

    depunge, ubi sistam,

    Pers. 6, 79:

    nec in Hectore tracto sistere,

    to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—
    d.
    To cease (dub.):

    hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,

    if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—
    B.
    Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).
    1.
    To arrest, stop, check an advancing motion.
    a.
    With gradum:

    plano sistit uterque gradum,

    arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:

    siste properantem gradum,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:

    repente sistunt gradum,

    Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—
    b.
    With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:

    fugam foedam siste,

    Liv. 1, 12, 5:

    si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,

    id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—
    c.
    Of vehicles, horses, etc.:

    esseda siste,

    Prop. 2, 1, 76:

    equos,

    Verg. A. 12, 355:

    quadrijugos,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—
    d.
    With iter, to arrest the advance of an army, to halt:

    exercitus iter sistit,

    Tac. H. 3, 50.—
    e.
    With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):

    Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,

    Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—
    f.
    Of living objects, in gen.
    (α).
    To arrest their course, make them halt:

    aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,

    Tac. H. 2, 23:

    festinantia sistens Fata,

    staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:

    non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,

    Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:

    aliquem cuspide,

    Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,

    cervum vulnere sistere,

    id. 2, 78.—
    (β).
    To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:

    ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,

    Liv. 1, 37, 3:

    ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,

    id. 10, 14, 18:

    nec sisti vis hostium poterat,

    Curt. 5, 3, 11:

    nec sisti poterant scandentes,

    Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —
    g.
    Trop., to stop the advance of prices:

    pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,

    Tac. A. 3, 52.—
    2. a.
    Of water:

    sistere aquam fluviis,

    Verg. A. 4, 489:

    amnis, siste parumper aquas,

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:

    quae concita flumina sistunt,

    id. M. 7, 154:

    sistito infestum mare,

    calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—
    b.
    Of blood and secretions:

    (ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,

    Tac. A. 15, 54:

    sanguinem,

    Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:

    haemorrhoidum abundantiam,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:

    fluctiones,

    id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:

    nomas,

    id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:

    mensis,

    id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:

    vomitiones,

    id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:

    alvum bubus,

    id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:

    alvum,

    stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:

    ventrem,

    id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—
    3.
    To arrest the motion of life, make rigid:

    ille oculos sistit,

    Stat. Th. 2, 539.—
    4.
    To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:

    querelas,

    Ov. M. 7, 711:

    fletus,

    id. ib. 14, 835:

    lacrimas,

    id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:

    minas,

    id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:

    opus,

    id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:

    labores,

    id. ib. 5, 490:

    furorem,

    Stat. Th. 5, 663:

    furialem impetum,

    Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:

    pace tamen sisti bellum placet,

    Ov. M. 14, 803:

    antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,

    id. F. 4, 387:

    sitim sistere,

    to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:

    nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,

    suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:

    ruinas,

    to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:

    ventum,

    to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;

    (motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,

    Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—
    5.
    Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:

    transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,

    Tac. H. 2, 11:

    dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,

    provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —
    C.
    Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).
    1.
    Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:

    quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,

    it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:

    totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,

    Liv. 2, 29, 8:

    si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,

    the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:

    si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,

    id. 3, 9, 8:

    vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,

    that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:

    qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,

    these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:

    qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,

    Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—
    2.
    Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.

    supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),

    Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.
    A.
    Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;

    esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),

    Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—

    Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,

    i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—
    B.
    In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):

    status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,

    Liv. 39, 13, 8:

    stato loco statisque diebus,

    id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:

    stato lustri die,

    Sen. Troad. 781:

    status sacrificii dies,

    Flor. 1, 3, 16:

    statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,

    Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:

    stato tempore,

    Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:

    stata tempora (partus),

    Stat. Achill. 2, 673:

    adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,

    Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:

    stata quinquennia,

    Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:

    stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,

    Fest. p. 264 Lind.:

    proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,

    Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

    solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:

    stata sacra,

    Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:

    stata foedera,

    id. ib. 11, 380:

    status flatus,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

    stati cursus siderum,

    Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—
    C.
    Moderate, average, normal:

    inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,

    Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sisto

  • 8 all

    A pron
    1 ( everything) tout ; to risk all tout risquer ; all or nothing tout ou rien ; all is not lost tout n'est pas perdu ; all was well tout allait bien ; all will be revealed hum vous saurez tout hum ; all is orderly and stable tout n'est qu'ordre et stabilité ; will that be all? ce sera tout? ; and that's not all et ce n'est pas tout ; that's all ( all contexts) c'est tout ; speed is all l'essentiel, c'est la vitesse ; in all en tout ; 500 in all 500 en tout ; all in all somme toute ; we're doing all (that) we can nous faisons tout ce que nous pouvons (to do pour faire) ; after all that has happened après tout ce qui s'est passé ; after all she's been through après tout ce qu'elle a vécu ; it's not all (that) it should be [performance, service, efficiency] ça laisse à désirer ; all because he didn't write tout ça parce qu'il n'a pas écrit ; and all for a piece of land! et tout ça pour un lopin de terre! ;
    2 ( the only thing) tout ; but that's all mais c'est tout ; that's all I want c'est tout ce que je veux ; that's all we can suggest c'est tout ce que nous pouvons vous conseiller ; she's all I have left elle est tout ce qui me reste ; all I know is that tout ce que je sais c'est que ; all you need is tout ce qu'il te faut c'est ; that's all we need! iron il ne manquait plus que ça! ;
    3 ( everyone) tous ; all wish to remain anonymous tous souhaitent rester anonymes ; all but a few were released ils ont tous été relâchés à quelques exceptions près ; thank you, one and all merci à (vous) tous ; ‘all welcome’ ‘venez nombreux’ ; all of the employees tous les employés, tout le personnel ; all of us want… nous voulons tous… ; not all of them came ils ne sont pas tous venus ; we want all of them back nous voulons qu'ils soient tous rendus ;
    4 ( the whole amount) all of our belongings toutes nos affaires ; all of this land is ours toutes ces terres sont à nous ; not all of the time pas tout le temps ;
    5 ( emphasizing unanimity or entirety) we all feel that nous avons tous l'impression que ; we are all disappointed nous sommes tous déçus ; these are all valid points ce sont des points qui sont tous valables ; it all seems so pointless tout cela paraît si futile ; I ate it all j'ai tout mangé ; what's it all for? ( all contexts) à quoi ça sert (tout ça)? ; who all was there? US qui était là? ; y'all have a good time now! US amusez-vous bien!
    B det
    1 ( each one of) tous/toutes ; all men are born equal tous les hommes naissent égaux ; all questions must be answered il faut répondre à toutes les questions ; all those people who tous ces gens qui ; all those who tous ceux qui ; as in all good films comme dans tous les bons films ; in all three films dans les trois films ;
    2 ( the whole of) tout/toute ; all his life toute sa vie ; all the time tout le temps ; all day/evening toute la journée/soirée ; all year round toute l'année ; all the money we've spent tout l'argent que nous avons dépensé ; in all his glory dans toute sa gloire ; I had all the work! c'est moi qui ai eu tout le travail! ; you are all the family I have! tu es toute la famille qui me reste! ; and all that sort of thing et tout ce genre de choses ; oh no! not all that again! ah non! ça ne va pas recommencer! ;
    3 ( total) in all honesty/innocence en toute franchise/innocence ;
    4 ( any) beyond all expectations au-delà de toute attente ; to deny all knowledge of sth nier avoir connaissance de qch.
    C adv
    1 (emphatic: completely) tout ; all alone ou on one's own tout seul ; to be all wet être tout mouillé ; dressed all in white habillé tout en blanc ; all around the garden/along the canal tout autour du jardin/le long du canal ; to be all for sth être tout à fait pour qch ; to be all for sb doing être tout à fait favorable à ce que qn fasse ; I'm all for women joining the army je suis tout à fait favorable à ce que les femmes entrent dans l'armée ; it's all about… c'est l'histoire de… ; tell me all about it! raconte-moi tout! ; he's forgotten all about us! il nous a complètement oubliés! ; she asked all about you elle a demandé de tes nouvelles ;
    2 (emphatic: nothing but) to be all legs être tout en jambes ; to be all smiles ( happy) être tout souriant ; ( two-faced) être tout sourire ; to be all sweetness iron être tout sourire ; that stew was all onions! il n'y avait pratiquement que des oignons dans ce ragoût! ;
    3 Sport ( for each party) (they are) six all (il y a) six partout ; the final score is 15 all le score final est de 15 partout.
    D n to give one's all tout sacrifier (for sth à qch ; for sb pour qn ; to do pour faire).
    E all+ (dans composés)
    1 ( completely) all-concrete/-glass/-metal tout en béton/verre/métal ; all-digital/-electronic entièrement numérique/électronique ; all-female, all-girl [band, cast, group] composé uniquement de femmes ; all-male/-white [team, production, jury] composé uniquement d'hommes/de blancs ; all-union [workforce] entièrement syndiqué ;
    F all along adv phr depuis le début, toujours ; they knew it all along ils le savaient depuis le début, ils l'ont toujours su.
    G all but adv phr pratiquement, presque.
    H all of adv phr au moins ; he must be all of 50 il doit avoir au moins 50 ans.
    I all that adv phr he's not all that strong il n'est pas si fort que ça ; it's not as far as all that! ce n'est pas si loin que ça! ; I don't know her all that well je ne la connais pas si bien que ça.
    J all the adv phr all the more d'autant plus ; all the more difficult/effective d'autant plus difficile/efficace ; all the more so because d'autant plus que ; to laugh all the more rire encore plus ; all the better! tant mieux!
    K all too adv phr [accurate, easy, widespread] bien trop ; it is all too obvious that il n'est que trop évident que ; she saw all too clearly that elle a parfaitement bien vu que ; all too often bien trop souvent.
    1 they moved furniture, books and all ils ont tout déménagé y compris les meubles et les livres ;
    2 ○ GB the journey was very tiring what with the heat and all le voyage était très fatigant avec la chaleur et tout ça ; it is and all! mais si!
    M at all adv phr not at all! ( acknowledging thanks) de rien! ; ( answering query) pas du tout! ; it is not at all certain ce n'est pas du tout certain ; if (it is) at all possible si possible ; is it at all likely that…? y a-t-il la moindre possibilité que…? (+ subj) ; there's nothing at all here il n'y a rien du tout ici ; we know nothing at all ou we don't know anything at all about nous ne savons rien du tout de ; if you knew anything at all about si tu avais la moindre idée de ; anything at all will do n'importe quoi fera l'affaire.
    N for all prep phr, adv phr ( despite) en dépit de ; ( in as much as) for all I know pour autant que je sache ; for all that malgré tout, quand même ; they could be dead for all the difference it would make! ils pourraient être morts, ça ne changerait rien!
    1 ( in rank) the easiest of all le plus facile ; first/last of all pour commencer/finir ; ⇒ best, worst ;
    2 ( emphatic) why today of all days? pourquoi justement aujourd'hui? ; not now of all times! ce n'est pas le moment! ; of all the nerve! quel culot! ; of all the rotten luck! quel manque de chance or de pot ○ ! ; ⇒ people, place, thing.
    all' s well that ends well tout est bien qui finit bien ; to be as mad/thrilled as all get out ○ US être vachement ○ en colère/excité ; he's not all there ○ il n'a pas toute sa tête ; it's all go ○ here! GB on s'active ○ ici! ; it's all one to me ça m'est égal ; it's all up with us ○ GB nous sommes fichus ○ ; it was all I could do not to laugh il a fallu que je me retienne pour ne pas rire ; that's all very well, that's all well and good tout ça c'est bien beau ; speeches are all very well but c'est bien beau les discours mais ; it's all very well to do c'est bien beau de faire ; it's all very well for them to talk ça leur va bien de parler.

    Big English-French dictionary > all

  • 9 long-term

    tr[lɒŋ'tɜːm]
    1 a largo plazo, de largo plazo
    adj.
    • a largo plazo adj.
    'lɔːŋ'tɜːrm, 'lɒŋtɜːm
    adjective (usu before n)
    a) ( in the future) <effects/benefits> a largo plazo
    b) ( for a long period) < solution> duradero; < effects> prolongado; < unemployment> de larga duración; < parking lot> (AmE) para estacionamiento or (Esp) aparcamiento prolongado
    ['lɒŋ'tɜːm]
    1.
    ADJ [effect, investment, care, solution] a largo plazo

    • they're in a long-term relationship — llevan tiempo juntos

    • the long-term unemployed — las personas que llevan mucho tiempo sin trabajo

    2.
    CPD

    long-term car park N — parking m para aparcamiento or (LAm) estacionamiento prolongado

    long-term memory N — memoria f a largo plazo

    * * *
    ['lɔːŋ'tɜːrm, 'lɒŋtɜːm]
    adjective (usu before n)
    a) ( in the future) <effects/benefits> a largo plazo
    b) ( for a long period) < solution> duradero; < effects> prolongado; < unemployment> de larga duración; < parking lot> (AmE) para estacionamiento or (Esp) aparcamiento prolongado

    English-spanish dictionary > long-term

  • 10 argue

    v. argumenteren, debatteren, discussiëren; redetwisten
    [ a:gjoe:]
    2 〈+about, over〉 redetwisten (over) ⇒ debatteren
    3  twisten ⇒ ruziën, kibbelen
    ♦voorbeelden:
    1   argue away • wegredeneren
         they were argueing against/for military intervention • zij pleitten tegen/voor militaire interventie
    3   don't argue with me! • spreek me niet tegen!
    2  stellen ⇒ aanvoeren, bepleiten
    ♦voorbeelden:
    3   I managed to argue him into coming • ik kon hem overreden om te komen
         he argued me out of joining the army • hij deed me ervan afzien in het leger te gaan

    English-Dutch dictionary > argue

  • 11 Historical Portugal

       Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.
       A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.
       Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140
       The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."
       In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.
       The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.
       Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385
       Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in
       Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.
       The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.
       Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580
       The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.
       The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.
       What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.
       By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.
       Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.
       The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.
       By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.
       In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.
       Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640
       Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.
       Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.
       On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.
       Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822
       Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.
       Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.
       In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the
       Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.
       Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.
       Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.
       Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910
       During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.
       Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.
       Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.
       Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.
       Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.
       As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.
       First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26
       Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.
       The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.
       Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.
       The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74
       During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."
       Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.
       For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),
       and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.
       The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.
       With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.
       During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.
       The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.
       At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.
       The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.
       Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76
       Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.
       Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.
       In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.
       In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.
       In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.
       The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until
       UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.
       Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000
       After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.
       From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.
       Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.
       Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.
       In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.
       In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.
       Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.
       Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.
       The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.
       Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.
       Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).
       All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.
       The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.
       Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.
       Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.
       From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.
       Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.
       In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.
       An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal

  • 12 join

    1. transitive verb
    1) (put together, connect) verbinden (to mit)

    join two things [together] — zwei Dinge miteinander verbinden; zwei Dinge zusammenfügen

    join hands — sich (Dat.) die Hände reichen

    2) (come into company of) sich gesellen zu; sich zugesellen (+ Dat.); (meet) treffen; (come with) mitkommen mit; sich anschließen (+ Dat.)

    may I join you — (at table) kann ich mich zu euch setzen?

    would you like to join me in a drink? — hast du Lust, ein Glas mit mir zu trinken?

    3) (become member of) eintreten in (+ Akk.) [Armee, Firma, Orden, Verein, Partei]; beitreten (+ Dat.) [Verein, Partei, Orden]
    4) (take one's place in) sich einreihen in (+ Akk.) [Umzug, Demonstrationszug]
    5) [Fluss, Straße:] münden in (+ Akk.)
    2. intransitive verb
    1) (come together) [Flüsse:] sich vereinigen, zusammenfließen; [Straßen:] sich vereinigen, zusammenlaufen; [Grundstücke:] aneinander grenzen, aneinander stoßen
    3. noun
    Verbindung, die; (line) Nahtstelle, die
    Phrasal Verbs:
    - academic.ru/88444/join_in">join in
    * * *
    [‹oin] 1. verb
    1) ((often with up, on etc) to put together or connect: The electrician joined the wires (up) wrongly; You must join this piece (on) to that piece; He joined the two stories together to make a play; The island is joined to the mainland by a sandbank at low tide.) verbinden
    2) (to connect (two points) eg by a line, as in geometry: Join point A to point B.) verbinden
    3) (to become a member of (a group): Join our club!) sich anschließen an
    4) ((sometimes with up) to meet and come together (with): This lane joins the main road; Do you know where the two rivers join?; They joined up with us for the remainder of the holiday.) treffen
    5) (to come into the company of: I'll join you later in the restaurant.) treffen
    2. noun
    (a place where two things are joined: You can hardly see the joins in the material.) die Verbindung
    - join forces
    - join hands
    - join in
    - join up
    * * *
    [ʤɔɪn]
    I. vt
    ▪ to \join sth [to sth] etw [mit etw dat] verbinden [o zusammenfügen]; battery etw [an etw dat] anschließen; (add) etw [an etw akk] anfügen
    the River Neckar \joins the Rhine at Mannheim der Neckar mündet bei Mannheim in den Rhein ein
    to \join hands sich dat die Hände geben [o geh reichen]
    ▪ to \join sth together etw zusammenfügen [o miteinander verbinden
    2. (offer company)
    ▪ to \join sb sich akk zu jdm gesellen, jdm Gesellschaft leisten
    would you like to \join us for supper? möchtest du mit uns zu Abend essen?
    do you mind if I \join you? darf ich mich zu Ihnen setzen?
    her husband \joined her in Rome a week later eine Woche später kam ihr Mann nach Rom nach
    3. (enrol)
    ▪ to \join sth etw dat beitreten, in etw akk eintreten; club, party bei etw dat Mitglied werden
    to \join the army Soldat werden
    to \join the ranks of the unemployed sich akk in das Heer der Arbeitslosen einreihen
    ▪ to \join sth bei etw dat mitmachen
    let's \join the dancing lass uns mittanzen
    to \join the line AM [or BRIT queue] sich akk in die Schlange stellen [o einreihen
    5. (support)
    ▪ to \join sb in [doing] sth jdm bei [o in] etw dat [o der Ausführung einer S. gen] zur Seite stehen, sich akk jdm [bei der Ausführung einer S. gen] anschließen
    I'm sure everyone will \join me in wishing you a very happy birthday es schließen sich sicher alle meinen Glückwünschen zu Ihrem Geburtstag an
    to \join forces with sb sich akk mit jdm zusammentun
    7. (board)
    to \join a plane/train in ein Flugzeug/einen Zug zusteigen
    8.
    ▶ \join the club! ( hum fam) willkommen im Klub!
    II. vi
    ▪ to \join [with sth] sich akk [mit etw dat] verbinden
    ▪ to \join with sb in doing sth sich akk mit jdm dat zusammenschließen [o zusammentun], um etw zu tun
    3. (enrol) beitreten, Mitglied werden
    4. (marry)
    to \join [together] in marriage [or ( form) holy matrimony] sich akk ehelich [miteinander] verbinden geh, in den heiligen Bund der Ehe treten geh
    III. n
    1. (seam) Verbindung[sstelle] f, Fuge f
    2. MATH (set theory) Vereinigungsmenge f fachspr
    * * *
    [dZɔɪn]
    1. vt
    1) (lit, fig: connect, unite) verbinden (to mit)

    to join battle (with the enemy) — den Kampf mit dem Feind aufnehmen

    to join hands (lit, fig) — sich (dat) or einander die Hände reichen

    they are joined at the hip (fig inf) — sie sind völlig unzertrennlich, sie hängen wie Kletten aneinander (inf)

    2) (= become member of) army gehen zu; one's regiment sich anschließen (+dat), sich begeben zu; NATO, the EU beitreten (+dat); political party, club beitreten (+dat), Mitglied werden von or bei or in (+dat), eintreten in (+acc); religious order eintreten in (+acc), beitreten (+dat); university (as student) anfangen an (+dat); (as staff) firm anfangen bei; group of people, procession sich anschließen (+dat)

    he has been ordered to join his ship at Liverpool — er hat Order bekommen, sich in Liverpool auf seinem Schiff einzufinden or zu seinem Schiff zu begeben

    3)

    I joined him at the station — wir trafen uns am Bahnhof, ich traf mich mit ihm am Bahnhof

    I'll join you in five minutes — ich bin in fünf Minuten bei Ihnen

    will you join us? — machen Sie mit?, sind Sie dabei?

    Paul joins me in wishing you... — Paul schließt sich meinen Wünschen für... an

    they joined us in singing... — sie sangen mit uns zusammen...

    4) (river) another river, the sea einmünden or fließen in (+acc); (road) another road (ein)münden in (+acc)

    his estates join ours — seine Ländereien grenzen an unsere (an)

    2. vi
    1) ( two parts) (= be attached) (miteinander) verbunden sein; (= be attachable) sich (miteinander) verbinden lassen; (= grow together) zusammenwachsen; (= meet, be adjacent) zusammenstoßen, zusammentreffen; (estates) aneinander (an)grenzen; (rivers) zusammenfließen, sich vereinigen; (roads) sich treffen

    let us all join together in the Lord's Prayer he joins with me in wishing you... — wir wollen alle zusammen das Vaterunser beten er schließt sich meinen Wünschen für... an

    Moscow and Washington have joined in condemning these actions —

    they all joined together to get her a present — sie taten sich alle zusammen, um ihr ein Geschenk zu kaufen

    2) (club member) beitreten, Mitglied werden
    3. n
    Naht(stelle) f; (in pipe, knitting) Verbindungsstelle f
    * * *
    join [dʒɔın]
    A v/t
    1. etwas verbinden, -einigen, zusammenfügen ( alle:
    to, on to mit):
    a) die Hände falten,
    b) sich die Hand oder Hände reichen,
    c) fig gemeinsame Sache machen, sich zusammentun ( beide:
    with mit)
    2. Personen vereinigen, zusammenbringen ( beide:
    with, to mit):
    join in friendship freundschaftlich verbinden;
    they are joined in marriage sie sind ehelich (miteinander) verbunden
    3. fig verbinden, verein(ig)en:
    join prayers gemeinsam beten; → force A 1
    4. sich anschließen (dat oder an akk), stoßen oder sich gesellen zu:
    I’ll join you later ich komme später nach;
    I was joined by Mary Mary schloss sich mir an;
    join sb in (doing) sth etwas zusammen mit jemandem tun;
    join sb in a walk (gemeinsam) mit jemandem einen Spaziergang machen, sich jemandem auf einem Spaziergang anschließen;
    thanks for joining us ( RADIO, TV) danke für Ihr Interesse;
    join the circus zum Zirkus gehen;
    join one’s regiment zu seinem Regiment stoßen;
    join one’s ship an Bord seines Schiffes gehen; → majority 2
    5. eintreten in (akk):
    a) einem Klub, einer Partei etc beitreten
    b) anfangen bei einer Firma etc:
    join the army ins Heer eintreten, weitS. Soldat werden; → police force
    6. a) teilnehmen oder sich beteiligen an (dat), mitmachen bei, sich anschließen (dat)
    b) sich einlassen auf (akk), den Kampf aufnehmen:
    join an action JUR einem Prozess beitreten;
    join a treaty einem (Staats)Vertrag beitreten; → battle Bes Redew, issue A 4
    7. sich vereinigen mit, zusammenkommen mit, (ein)münden in (akk) (Fluss, Straße)
    8. MATH Punkte verbinden
    9. (an)grenzen an (akk)
    B v/i
    1. sich vereinigen oder verbinden ( with mit)
    a) teilnehmen, sich beteiligen, mitmachen, sich anschließen, einstimmen:
    join in, everybody! alle mitmachen oder mitsingen!
    b) → A 6 a:
    join in the laughter in das Gelächter einstimmen;
    join with sb in (doing) sth etwas zusammen mit jemandem tun
    3. sich vereinigen, zusammenkommen (Straßen), (Flüsse auch) zusammenfließen
    4. aneinandergrenzen, sich berühren
    5. join up Soldat werden
    C s Verbindungsstelle f, -linie f, Naht f, Fuge f
    * * *
    1. transitive verb
    1) (put together, connect) verbinden (to mit)

    join two things [together] — zwei Dinge miteinander verbinden; zwei Dinge zusammenfügen

    join hands — sich (Dat.) die Hände reichen

    2) (come into company of) sich gesellen zu; sich zugesellen (+ Dat.); (meet) treffen; (come with) mitkommen mit; sich anschließen (+ Dat.)

    may I join you — (at table) kann ich mich zu euch setzen?

    would you like to join me in a drink? — hast du Lust, ein Glas mit mir zu trinken?

    3) (become member of) eintreten in (+ Akk.) [Armee, Firma, Orden, Verein, Partei]; beitreten (+ Dat.) [Verein, Partei, Orden]
    4) (take one's place in) sich einreihen in (+ Akk.) [Umzug, Demonstrationszug]
    5) [Fluss, Straße:] münden in (+ Akk.)
    2. intransitive verb
    1) (come together) [Flüsse:] sich vereinigen, zusammenfließen; [Straßen:] sich vereinigen, zusammenlaufen; [Grundstücke:] aneinander grenzen, aneinander stoßen
    3. noun
    Verbindung, die; (line) Nahtstelle, die
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    (take) issue with someone expr.
    sich mit jemandem auf einen Streit einlassen ausdr. v.
    anfügen v.
    kombinieren v.
    verbinden v.

    English-german dictionary > join

  • 13 join

    ‹oin
    1. verb
    1) ((often with up, on etc) to put together or connect: The electrician joined the wires (up) wrongly; You must join this piece (on) to that piece; He joined the two stories together to make a play; The island is joined to the mainland by a sandbank at low tide.) juntar, unir
    2) (to connect (two points) eg by a line, as in geometry: Join point A to point B.) unir
    3) (to become a member of (a group): Join our club!) hacerser socio de, afiliarse
    4) ((sometimes with up) to meet and come together (with): This lane joins the main road; Do you know where the two rivers join?; They joined up with us for the remainder of the holiday.) juntarse, confluir
    5) (to come into the company of: I'll join you later in the restaurant.) reunirse con, unirse a

    2. noun
    (a place where two things are joined: You can hardly see the joins in the material.) juntura
    - join hands
    - join in
    - join up
    join1 n juntura / costura
    join2 vb
    1. unir / juntar
    2. acompañar / reunirse
    will you join me for a coffee? ¿quieres tomar un café conmigo?
    3. reunirse
    4. hacerse socio / incorporarse / alistarse
    tr[ʤɔɪn]
    1 (bring together) juntar, unir
    2 (connect) unir, conectar
    3 (company etc) incorporarse a
    4 (armed forces) alistarse en; (police) ingresar en
    5 (club) hacerse socio,-a de
    6 (party) afiliarse a, ingresar en
    7 (be with somebody) reunirse con, unirse a
    ■ would you like to join us for the evening? ¿les gustaría pasar la tarde con nosotros?
    ■ will you join me in a whisky? ¿quiere tomar un whisky conmigo?
    1 juntarse, unirse
    2 (rivers) confluir; (roads) juntarse, empalmar
    1 juntura
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    join the club! ¡ya somos dos etc!
    to join battle with trabar batalla con
    to join forces aunar esfuerzos
    to join hands cogerse de las manos
    join ['ʤɔɪn] vt
    1) connect, link: unir, juntar
    to join in marriage: unir en matrimonio
    2) adjoin: lindar con, colindar con
    3) meet: reunirse con, encontrarse con
    we joined them for lunch: nos reunimos con ellos para almorzar
    4) : hacerse socio de (una organización), afiliarse a (un partido), entrar en (una empresa)
    join vi
    1) unite: unirse
    2) merge: empalmar (dícese de las carreteras), confluir (dícese de los ríos)
    3)
    to join up : hacerse socio, enrolarse
    v.
    • acoplar v.
    • adjuntar v.
    • adunar v.
    • agregar v.
    • asociar v.
    • combinar v.
    • juntar v.
    • ligar v.
    • reunir v.
    • reunirse con v.
    • trabar v.
    • unir v.
    • unirse a v.

    I
    1. dʒɔɪn
    1) (fasten, link) \<\<ropes/wires\>\> unir; ( put together) \<\<tables\>\> juntar

    I joined an extra length onto the hosepipe — le añadí or le agregué un trozo a la manguera

    to join hands — tomarse or (esp Esp) cogerse* de la mano

    2)
    a) (meet, keep company with)

    we're going for a drink, won't o will you join us? — vamos a tomar algo ¿nos acompañas?

    you go ahead, I'll join you later — ustedes vayan que ya iré yo luego

    may I join you? — ¿le importa si me siento aquí?

    won't o will you join us for dinner? — ¿por qué no cenan con nosotros?

    I'd like you all to join me in a toast to... — quiero proponer un brindis por..., propongo que brindemos todos por...

    my husband joins me in wishing you a speedy recovery — (frml) tanto mi marido como yo le deseamos una pronta recuperación

    3)
    a) ( become part of) unirse a, sumarse a

    I joined the course in November — empecé el curso en noviembre, me uní al grupo en noviembre

    b) ( become member of) \<\<club\>\> hacerse* socio de; \<\<union\>\> afiliarse a; \<\<army\>\> alistarse en; \<\<firm\>\> entrar en or (AmL tb) entrar a, incorporarse a
    4)
    b) ( get onto)

    2.
    vi
    1) to join (together) \<\<parts/components\>\> unirse; \<\<groups\>\> unirse

    to join WITH somebody IN -ING: they join with me in congratulating you — se unen a mis felicitaciones, se hacen partícipes de mi enhorabuena (frml)

    2) ( merge) \<\<streams\>\> confluir*; \<\<roads\>\> empalmar, unirse
    3) ( become member) hacerse* socio
    •
    Phrasal Verbs:

    II
    noun juntura f, unión f
    [dʒɔɪn]
    1. VT
    1) (=put together, link) [+ ends, pieces, parts] unir, juntar; [+ tables] juntar

    to join (together) two ends of a chain — unir or juntar dos extremos de una cadena

    to join A to B, to join A and B — unir or juntar A con B

    • join the dots to form a picture — una los puntos para formar un dibujo

    • to join hands — cogerse or (LAm) tomarse de la mano

    2) (=merge with) [+ river] desembocar en, confluir con; [+ sea] desembocar en; [+ road] empalmar con

    where does the River Wye join the Severn? — ¿a qué altura desemboca el Wye en el Severn?, ¿dónde confluye el Wye con el Severn?

    3) (=enter, become part of) [+ university, firm, religious order] ingresar en, entrar en; [+ club, society] hacerse socio de; [+ political party] afiliarse a, hacerse miembro de; [+ army, navy] alistarse en, ingresar en; [+ queue] meterse en; [+ procession, strike, movement] sumarse a, unirse a

    • join the club! * — ¡bienvenido al club!

    • to join forces (with sb to do sth) — (gen) juntarse (con algn para hacer algo); (Mil) aliarse (con algn para hacer algo); (Comm) asociarse (con algn para hacer algo)

    • we joined the motorway at junction 15 — nos metimos en la autopista por la entrada 15

    • to join one's ship — (=return to) volver a su buque; (=go on board) embarcar

    battle 1., 1), rank I, 1., 2)
    4) (=be with, meet) [+ person] acompañar a

    may I join you? — (at table) ¿les importa que les acompañe?

    will you join us for dinner? — ¿nos acompañas a cenar?, ¿cenas con nosotros?

    if you're going for a walk, do you mind if I join you? — si vais a dar un paseo, ¿os importa que os acompañe?

    will you join me in or for a drink? — ¿se toma una copa conmigo?

    join us at the same time next week for... — (Rad, TV) la próxima semana tiene una cita con nosotros a la misma hora en...

    Paul joins me in wishing you... — al igual que yo, Paul te desea...

    they should join us in exposing government corruption — deberían unirse or sumarse a nosotros para sacar a la luz la corrupción del gobierno

    2. VI
    1) (=connect) [ends, pieces, parts] unirse, juntarse
    2) (=merge) [roads] empalmar, juntarse; [rivers] confluir, juntarse; [lines] juntarse
    3)

    • to join together (to do sth) — (=meet) [people] reunirse (para hacer algo); (=unite) [groups, organizations] unirse (para hacer algo); (=pool resources) asociarse (para hacer algo)

    • to join with sb in doing sth — unirse a algn para hacer algo

    we join with you in hoping that... — compartimos su esperanza de que... + subjun, al igual que ustedes esperamos que... + subjun

    4) (=become a member) (of club) hacerse socio; (of political party) afiliarse, hacerse miembro
    3.
    N (in wood, crockery) juntura f, unión f ; (Tech) junta f
    * * *

    I
    1. [dʒɔɪn]
    1) (fasten, link) \<\<ropes/wires\>\> unir; ( put together) \<\<tables\>\> juntar

    I joined an extra length onto the hosepipe — le añadí or le agregué un trozo a la manguera

    to join hands — tomarse or (esp Esp) cogerse* de la mano

    2)
    a) (meet, keep company with)

    we're going for a drink, won't o will you join us? — vamos a tomar algo ¿nos acompañas?

    you go ahead, I'll join you later — ustedes vayan que ya iré yo luego

    may I join you? — ¿le importa si me siento aquí?

    won't o will you join us for dinner? — ¿por qué no cenan con nosotros?

    I'd like you all to join me in a toast to... — quiero proponer un brindis por..., propongo que brindemos todos por...

    my husband joins me in wishing you a speedy recovery — (frml) tanto mi marido como yo le deseamos una pronta recuperación

    3)
    a) ( become part of) unirse a, sumarse a

    I joined the course in November — empecé el curso en noviembre, me uní al grupo en noviembre

    b) ( become member of) \<\<club\>\> hacerse* socio de; \<\<union\>\> afiliarse a; \<\<army\>\> alistarse en; \<\<firm\>\> entrar en or (AmL tb) entrar a, incorporarse a
    4)
    b) ( get onto)

    2.
    vi
    1) to join (together) \<\<parts/components\>\> unirse; \<\<groups\>\> unirse

    to join WITH somebody IN -ING: they join with me in congratulating you — se unen a mis felicitaciones, se hacen partícipes de mi enhorabuena (frml)

    2) ( merge) \<\<streams\>\> confluir*; \<\<roads\>\> empalmar, unirse
    3) ( become member) hacerse* socio
    •
    Phrasal Verbs:

    II
    noun juntura f, unión f

    English-spanish dictionary > join

  • 14 ingreso

    m.
    1 entry, entrance (entrada).
    examen de ingreso entrance exam
    2 deposit (de dinero). (peninsular Spanish)
    3 income, revenue.
    4 check-in.
    5 admission.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: ingresar.
    * * *
    1 (en club, ejército) joining; (en hospital) admission; (en prisión) entrance; (en universidad) entrance
    2 (entrada) entry
    3 FINANZAS deposit
    1 (sueldo, renta) income sing; (beneficios) revenue sing
    * * *
    noun m.
    entrance, entry
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=entrada)
    a) [en institución] admission (en into)

    tras su ingreso en la Academia — after he joined the Academy, after his admission to the Academy

    • examen de ingreso — (Univ) entrance examination

    • ingreso en prisión — imprisonment

    el juez ordenó su ingreso en prisión — the judge ordered him to be sent to prison, the judge ordered his imprisonment

    b) [en hospital] admission (en to)

    tras su ingreso en el hospital — after being admitted to hospital, after his admission to hospital

    ¿a qué hora se produjo el ingreso? — what time was he admitted?

    2) (Econ)
    a) Esp (=depósito) deposit

    ¿de cuánto es el ingreso? — how much are you paying in?, how much are you depositing?

    • hacer un ingreso — to pay in some money, make a deposit

    b) pl ingresos [de persona, empresa] income sing ; [de país, multinacional] revenue sing

    las personas con ingresos inferiores a 1.000 euros — people with incomes below 1,000 euros

    • ingresos y gastos — [de persona, empresa] income and outgoings, income and expenditure; [de país, multinacional] income and expenditure

    • ingresos por algo — revenue from sth

    los ingresos por publicidad — advertising revenue, revenue from advertising

    • vivir con arreglo a los ingresos — to live within one's income

    ingresos anuales — [de persona, empresa] annual income sing ; [de país, multinacional] annual revenue sing

    ingresos de taquilla — (Cine, Teat) box-office takings; (Dep) ticket sales

    3) (=lugar de acceso) entrance
    * * *
    1)

    el año de mi ingreso a or en la universidad/el ejército/la compañía — the year I started o entered university/joined the army/joined the company

    b) ( en hospital) admission
    c) (AmL period) ( entrada) entry

    fue difícil el ingreso al estadio — it was difficult to get into o (frml) to gain access to the stadium

    2) (Fin)
    a) (Esp) ( depósito) deposit
    b) ingresos masculino plural ( ganancias) income
    •
    * * *
    1)

    el año de mi ingreso a or en la universidad/el ejército/la compañía — the year I started o entered university/joined the army/joined the company

    b) ( en hospital) admission
    c) (AmL period) ( entrada) entry

    fue difícil el ingreso al estadio — it was difficult to get into o (frml) to gain access to the stadium

    2) (Fin)
    a) (Esp) ( depósito) deposit
    b) ingresos masculino plural ( ganancias) income
    •
    * * *
    ingreso1

    Ex: Secondly, the admission of rules incompatible with the general ideology adopted inevitably entails subsequent remedial revision.

    * examen de ingreso = entrance exam(ination).
    * ingresos = intake.

    ingreso2

    Ex: This particular bank does not accept any cash deposits nor are direct cash withdrawals permitted.

    * aumentar los ingresos = boost + Posesivo + income.
    * bajos ingresos = low income.
    * comprobación de los ingresos = means-testing, means test.
    * comprobar los ingresos = means test.
    * desigualdad de ingresos = income inequality.
    * escala de tarifas según los ingresos = sliding fee scale.
    * evaluación de los ingresos = means-testing, means test.
    * evaluar los ingresos = means test.
    * familia de bajos ingresos = low-income family.
    * fuente de ingresos = revenue stream, source of revenue, source of income, revenue base, revenue earner.
    * ganarse unos ingresos = earn + income.
    * generación de ingresos = revenue-raising, income generation.
    * generador de ingresos = income-generating, revenue-earning, revenue-making, revenue-generating, revenue earner, profit-generating, profit-making.
    * generar ingresos = generate + revenue.
    * ingreso de dinero = cash deposit.
    * ingreso de efectivo = cash deposit.
    * ingresos = income, proceeds, revenue, income statement, takings, earnings.
    * ingresos bajos = low income.
    * ingresos brutos = gross profit, gross benefits, gross revenues, gross receipts, gross income.
    * ingresos de ventas = sales revenue.
    * ingresos disponibles = disposable income.
    * ingresos económicos = income.
    * ingresos familiares = family wage.
    * ingresos fijos = fixed income.
    * ingresos inesperados = windfall.
    * ingresos medios = middle income.
    * ingresos netos = net revenues, net income.
    * ingresos procedentes de los impuestos = tax revenues, income tax revenue.
    * ingresos públicos provenientes del petróleo = oil revenues.
    * nivel de ingresos = income level, earning capacity, earning power.
    * propios ingresos = earned income.
    * reportar ingresos = generate + revenue.
    * según los ingresos = means-tested.
    * subsidio por bajos ingresos = supplementary benefit.

    * * *
    A
    1
    (en una organización): la fecha de nuestro ingreso en la organización the date of our entry into the organization, the date we joined the organization
    su solicitud de ingreso al or en el club his application to become a member of o to join the club
    su discurso de ingreso his inaugural address
    el año de mi ingreso a or en la universidad/en el ejército/en la compañía the year I started o entered university/joined the army/joined the company
    examen de ingreso entrance examination
    2 (en un hospital) admission
    después de su ingreso en la clínica after her admission to o after she was admitted to the clinic
    3
    (en la cárcel): su ingreso en la cárcel tuvo lugar el 10 de Octubre he was taken to o placed in jail on the 10th of October
    fue decretado su ingreso en prisión he was remanded in custody
    4 ( AmL period) (entrada) entry
    fue difícil el ingreso al estadio it was difficult to get into o ( frml) to gain access o admission to the stadium
    5 ( Per Espec) (entrada) ticket ingresos mpl ticket office
    B ( Fin)
    1 ( Esp) (depósito) deposit
    efectuó un ingreso en el banco he made a deposit at the bank, he paid some money into the bank
    ingresos anuales annual income
    no tiene más ingresos que su trabajo en el astillero his only income is from his job at the shipyard
    una importante fuente de ingresos an important source of income
    Compuestos:
    mpl additional income
    mpl gross income
    mpl trading o operating income
    mpl accrued income
    mpl net income
    ● ingresos tributarios or por impuestos
    tax revenue
    mpl earned income
    * * *

     

    Del verbo ingresar: ( conjugate ingresar)

    ingreso es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    ingresó es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    ingresar    
    ingreso
    ingresar ( conjugate ingresar) verbo intransitivo
    1 [ persona] (en organización, club) to join;
    ( en colegio) to enter;
    ( en el ejército) to join;

    ingresó cadáver (Esp) he was dead on arrival
    2 [ dinero] to come in
    verbo transitivo
    1 ‹ persona› ( en hospital):

    hubo que ingresolo de urgencia he had to be admitted as a matter of urgency;
    fueron ingresados en esta prisión they were taken to this prison
    2 (Esp) (Fin) ‹dinero/cheque› to pay in;


    [ banco] to credit an account with a sum
    ingreso sustantivo masculino
    1
    a) ( en organización): el año de mi ingreso a or en la universidad/el ejército/la compañía the year I started o entered university/joined the army/joined the company;



    2 (Fin)
    a) (Esp) ( depósito) deposit

    b)

    ◊ ingresos sustantivo masculino plural ( ganancias) income;

    ingresos brutos/netos gross/net income
    ingresar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 Fin (en un banco) to deposit, pay in
    (recibir ganancias) to take in
    2 Med to admit: me ingresaron con una crisis nerviosa, I was admitted with a nervous breakdown
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 to enter: este año ingresa en la Universidad, this year he goes to University
    ingresar en un club, to join a club
    2 Med ingresó a las cinco, he was admitted (to hospital) at five (o'clock)
    ingresó cadáver, to be dead on arrival
    ingreso sustantivo masculino
    1 Fin deposit: necesito hacer un ingreso de tres mil pesetas, I need to pay in three thousand pesetas
    2 (entrada) entry [en, into]
    (admisión) admission [en, to] 3 ingresos, (sueldo, renta) income sing, revenue sing
    ' ingreso' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acceso
    - cadáver
    - formularia
    - formulario
    - ingresar
    - entrada
    - examen
    - menor
    English:
    admission
    - admit
    - DOA
    - enter
    - entrance
    - entrance examination
    - eventual
    - grammar school
    - pay in
    - paying-in-slip
    - pronounce
    - deposit
    - membership
    * * *
    1. [entrada] entry, entrance;
    [en universidad] admission;
    examen de ingreso entrance exam;
    solicitud de ingreso membership application;
    todavía recuerdo la fecha de mi ingreso en el club I still remember the day I joined the club;
    han solicitado su ingreso en la organización they have applied for membership of the organization, they have applied to join the organization
    2. [en hospital] admission;
    se produjeron diez ingresos hospitalarios por salmonelosis ten people were admitted to hospital with salmonella poisoning
    3. [en prisión]
    el juez decretó el ingreso en prisión del banquero the judge ordered that the banker be sent to prison
    4. Am [acceso a lugar] entry;
    el ingreso a la sala de conciertos fue muy lento it took a long time to get into the concert hall
    5. Esp [de dinero] deposit;
    realizó un ingreso she made a deposit
    6.
    ingresos [sueldo] income;
    [recaudación] revenue;
    ingresos por publicidad advertising revenue;
    tienen unos ingresos anuales de 200 millones they have an annual income of 200 million
    ingresos brutos gross income;
    ingresos familiares family income;
    ingresos netos net income
    * * *
    m
    1 entry; en una asociación joining;
    examen de ingreso entrance exam
    2 en hospital admission
    3 COM deposit
    4
    :
    ingresos pl income sg
    * * *
    1) : entrance, entry
    2) : admission
    3) ingresos nmpl
    : income, earnings pl
    * * *
    1. (en el hospital) admission
    ¿cuántos ingresos hay en un día normal? how many admissions are there on an average day?
    3. (dinero) deposit

    Spanish-English dictionary > ingreso

  • 15 join

    I [dʒɔɪn]
    nome giuntura f., giunzione f.
    II 1. [dʒɔɪn]
    1) (meet up with) raggiungere, unirsi a [ person]

    may I join you? — (sit down) posso sedermi accanto a lei?

    2) (go to the end of) mettersi alla fine di [ row]; aggiungersi a [ list]
    3) (become a member of) diventare membro di [organization, team]; entrare in, diventare socio di [ club]; iscriversi a [ class]; aderire a, diventare membro di [ church]

    to join the army — entrare nell'esercito, arruolarsi

    4) (become part of) unirsi a [crowd, rush]
    5) (become employee) entrare in [ firm]
    7) (associate with) unirsi a [ person] ( to do, in doing per fare); (professionally) unirsi a, associarsi a [ colleague] ( to do, in doing per fare)

    to join forces with — (merge) allearsi con; (cooperate) cooperare, collaborare con

    8) (board) salire su [ train]; salire a bordo di [ ship]
    9) (attach) unire, collegare [ends, pieces]; congiungere [ parts]
    10) (link) collegare [points, towns]

    to join hands — prendersi per mano; fig. unirsi, collaborare

    11) (merge with) [ road] confluire in [ motorway]; [ river] gettarsi in [ sea]
    2.
    1) (become member) (of party) aderire, iscriversi; (of club) associarsi; (of group, class) iscriversi
    2) (meet) [ pieces] unirsi, collegarsi; [ wires] raccordarsi, congiungersi; [ roads] congiungersi, confluire
    •
    * * *
    [‹oin] 1. verb
    1) ((often with up, on etc) to put together or connect: The electrician joined the wires (up) wrongly; You must join this piece (on) to that piece; He joined the two stories together to make a play; The island is joined to the mainland by a sandbank at low tide.) unire, collegare
    2) (to connect (two points) eg by a line, as in geometry: Join point A to point B.) unire
    3) (to become a member of (a group): Join our club!) iscriversi; associarsi
    4) ((sometimes with up) to meet and come together (with): This lane joins the main road; Do you know where the two rivers join?; They joined up with us for the remainder of the holiday.) unirsi
    5) (to come into the company of: I'll join you later in the restaurant.) raggiungere
    2. noun
    (a place where two things are joined: You can hardly see the joins in the material.) giuntura
    - join hands
    - join in
    - join up
    * * *
    join /dʒɔɪn/
    n.
    1 giuntura; punto di giunzione
    2 (comput.) join (in un database, connessione tra due o più tabelle con dati correlati): join operator, operatore di join.
    ♦ (to) join /dʒɔɪn/
    A v. t.
    1 congiungere; unire; collegare; connettere: to join one thing to another, collegare una cosa con un'altra; to join forces, unire le forze; A wooden bridge joins the two halves of the village, un ponte di legno collega le due metà del paese; to join a man and a woman in marriage, unire un uomo e una donna in matrimonio
    2 unirsi a; raggiungere: Let's join the others, uniamoci agli altri; raggiungiamo gli altri; Later we were joined by Tom, più tardi ci raggiunse Tom; Will you join us for a drink?, vieni a bere qualcosa con noi?; Do you mind if I join you?, posso unirmi a voi?; vi dispiace se vengo anch'io?; I'll join you later, ti raggiungerò più tardi; to join a demonstration, unirsi a una dimostrazione di protesta; to join a queue, mettersi in fila
    3 entrare a far parte di; iscriversi a; aderire a; arruolarsi in: He joined the firm in 2002, è entrato nell'azienda (o è stato assunto) nel 2002; to join a company, entrare a far parte di una società; to join a club [a party], iscriversi a un circolo [a un partito]; to join the army, arruolarsi nell'esercito; to join a church, diventare membro di una chiesa; aderire a una chiesa
    4 ( di strada) immettersi in; sboccare su: The path eventually joins the main road, il sentiero sbocca sulla strada principale
    5 ( di fiume) confluire in; sfociare in; gettarsi in: The Cam River joins the Ouse, il fiume Cam si getta nell'Ouse
    6 unirsi a; associarsi a: My colleagues join me in thanking you, i miei colleghi si associano a me nel ringraziarti
    8 ( sport) trasferirsi a: He joined Arsenal, è andato a giocare con l'Arsenal
    B v. i.
    1 congiungersi; unirsi; riunirsi; confluire: Where do these two streams join ( each other)?, dove confluiscono questi due corsi d'acqua?
    2 associarsi; consociarsi
    3 essere attiguo; essere adiacente
    ● to join battle with the enemy, attaccare battaglia □ (fam.) Join the club!, sei in compagnia!; non sei il solo!; anch'io! □ to join forces with sb., unire le proprie forze a quelle di q.; associarsi (o collaborare) con q. □ to join hands, giungere le mani; prendersi per mano; (fig.) associarsi in un'impresa, collaborare (con q.) □ (fam.) to join the party, unirsi agli altri; essere della partita □ to join the ranks of…, andare a ingrossare le file di… □ to join sb. 's side, passare dalla parte di q. □ (fam. USA) to be joined at the hip, ( di due persone) essere inseparabili □ ( radio, TV: di presentatore a un ospite) «Thanks for joining us!», «grazie d'essere con noi».
    * * *
    I [dʒɔɪn]
    nome giuntura f., giunzione f.
    II 1. [dʒɔɪn]
    1) (meet up with) raggiungere, unirsi a [ person]

    may I join you? — (sit down) posso sedermi accanto a lei?

    2) (go to the end of) mettersi alla fine di [ row]; aggiungersi a [ list]
    3) (become a member of) diventare membro di [organization, team]; entrare in, diventare socio di [ club]; iscriversi a [ class]; aderire a, diventare membro di [ church]

    to join the army — entrare nell'esercito, arruolarsi

    4) (become part of) unirsi a [crowd, rush]
    5) (become employee) entrare in [ firm]
    7) (associate with) unirsi a [ person] ( to do, in doing per fare); (professionally) unirsi a, associarsi a [ colleague] ( to do, in doing per fare)

    to join forces with — (merge) allearsi con; (cooperate) cooperare, collaborare con

    8) (board) salire su [ train]; salire a bordo di [ ship]
    9) (attach) unire, collegare [ends, pieces]; congiungere [ parts]
    10) (link) collegare [points, towns]

    to join hands — prendersi per mano; fig. unirsi, collaborare

    11) (merge with) [ road] confluire in [ motorway]; [ river] gettarsi in [ sea]
    2.
    1) (become member) (of party) aderire, iscriversi; (of club) associarsi; (of group, class) iscriversi
    2) (meet) [ pieces] unirsi, collegarsi; [ wires] raccordarsi, congiungersi; [ roads] congiungersi, confluire
    •

    English-Italian dictionary > join

  • 16 entrada

    f.
    1 entry.
    hizo una entrada espectacular she made a spectacular entrance
    2 entrance (place).
    entrada entrance, way in (en letrero)
    te espero a la entrada del cine I'll meet you outside the cinema
    entrada principal main entrance
    3 inlet, intake (Tec).
    entrada libre o gratuita admission free
    sacar una entrada to buy a ticket
    5 audience.
    6 down payment (pago inicial). (peninsular Spanish)
    7 income.
    8 starter (plato).
    9 entry.
    10 beginning, start (principio).
    de entrada no me gustó, pero… at first I didn't like it, but…
    me di cuenta de entrada de que algo andaba mal I realized from the start that something was wrong
    11 input (computing).
    12 admission, adit, accession.
    13 receding hairline.
    14 entree.
    15 entry word, entry, entry word in reference book, headword.
    16 turnout, paying spectators.
    17 data entry.
    18 tackle.
    19 aditus.
    past part.
    past participle of spanish verb: entrar.
    * * *
    1 (gen) entrance, entry
    2 (vestíbulo) hall, entrance
    3 (billete) ticket, admission
    4 (público) audience
    5 (recaudación) takings plural, receipts plural; (ingresos) receipts plural, earnings plural
    6 (de libro, oración, etc) opening; (de año, mes) beginning
    7 (pago inicial) down payment, deposit
    9 COCINA entrée, starter
    10 INFORMÁTICA input
    11 DEPORTE tackle
    \
    dar entrada a to let in, allow in
    de entrada (desde el principio) straight away, from the outset 2 (en comida) for starters
    'Prohibida la entrada' "No admittance"
    tener entradas (en la frente) to have a receding hairline
    entrada de capital capital inflow
    entrada principal main entrance
    media-entrada (aforo) half-capacity crowd
    * * *
    noun f.
    4) entrance, entry
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=lugar de acceso) entrance

    entrada — way in, entrance

    2) (=vestíbulo) [de casa] hall, entrance hall; [de hotel] foyer
    3) (=llegada)
    a) [a un lugar]

    • dar entrada a un lugar — to give access to a place

    nunca podemos platicar, tus visitas son siempre de entrada por salida — we never have time to chat, you're always in and out

    una muchacha de entrada por salida — a non-live-in maid, a daily maid

    b) [de correspondencia] arrival
    c) (Teat) (tb: entrada en escena) entrance (on stage)
    d) (Mús) [de instrumento, voz] entry

    la soprano hizo una entrada muy brusca — the soprano came in very abruptly, the soprano's entry was very abrupt

    e) (Jur) [en un domicilio] entry

    entrada en vigor, tras la entrada en vigor de la ley — after the law came into effect o force

    la entrada en vigor del nuevo presupuesto tendrá lugar en enero — the new budget will take effect from January, the new budget will come into effect o force from January

    4) (=invasión) [de militares] entry; [de turistas, divisas] influx
    5) (=acceso) [a espectáculo] admission, entry; [a país] entry; [a club, institución, carrera] admission

    • dar entrada a algn — [en un lugar] to allow sb in; [en club, sociedad] to admit sb

    no le dimos entrada en nuestra sociedad — he was refused entry to our society, we did not admit him to our society

    • prohibir la entrada a algn — to ban sb from entering

    6) (=billete) ticket

    • media entrada — half price

    • sacar una entrada — to buy a ticket

    7) (=público) (Teat) audience; (Dep) crowd, turnout
    8) (=recaudación) (Teat) receipts pl, takings pl ; (Dep) gate money, receipts pl
    9) (=principio) start

    • de entrada — [desde el principio] from the start, from the outset; [al principio] at first

    de entrada ya nos dijo que no — he said no from the outset, he said no right from the start

    • entrada en materia — introduction

    10) Esp (=primer pago) [al comprar una vivienda, coche] down payment, deposit

    hay que dar un 20% de entrada — you have to put down a 20% deposit, you have to make a down payment of 20%

    "compre sin entrada" — "no down payment", "no deposit"

    11) (Com) [en libro mayor] entry
    12) (=vía de acceso) (Mec) inlet, intake; (Elec) input
    13) (Inform) input

    entrada de datos — data entry, data input

    14) (Ftbl) tackle
    15) (Culin) starter
    16) [de diccionario] entry
    17) pl entradas
    a) [en el pelo] receding hairline sing
    b) (Econ) income sing
    18) Caribe (=ataque) attack, onslaught; (=asalto) assault; (=paliza) beating
    * * *
    1) ( acción) entrance

    la entrada es gratuita — admission o entrance is free

    entrada en or (esp AmL) a algo — entry into something

    tuvieron que forzar su entrada en el or al edificio — they had to force an entry into the building

    su entrada en or a escena — her entrance, her appearance on stage

    de entrada: dijo que no de entrada he said no right from the start; lo calé de entrada — (fam) I sized him up right away o (BrE) straightaway

    2) (en etapa, estado)

    entrada en algo: la entrada en vigor del nuevo impuesto — the coming into effect of the new tax

    3)
    a) (ingreso, incorporación) entry

    entrada en or (esp AmL) a algo: la entrada de Prusia en la alianza Prussia's entry into the alliance; la fecha de su entrada en el club the date he joined the club; esto le facilitó la entrada a la universidad — that made it easier for him to get into university

    b) (Mús) entry
    4)
    a) ( lugar de acceso) entrance

    entrada — entrance, way in

    entrada de artistas — ( en teatro) stage door; ( en sala de conciertos) artists' entrance

    b) ( vestíbulo) hall
    c) ( de tubería) intake, inlet; ( de circuito) input
    5) (Espec)
    a) ( ticket) ticket

    ¿cuánto cuesta la entrada? — how much are the tickets?

    b) ( concurrencia) (Teatr) audience; (Dep) attendance, gate
    c) ( recaudación) (Teatr) takings (pl); (Dep) gate receipts (pl)
    6) ( comienzo) beginning
    7) (Com, Fin)
    a) (Esp) ( depósito) deposit

    pagas $50 de entrada — you pay a $50 down payment o deposit

    b) ( ingreso) income

    entradas y salidas — income and expenditure, receipts and outgoings

    c) ( anotación) entry; ( en diccionario - artículo) entry; (- cabeza de artículo) headword
    8) ( de comida) starter
    9)
    a) ( en fútbol) tackle
    b) ( en béisbol) inning
    10) ( en el pelo)
    * * *
    1) ( acción) entrance

    la entrada es gratuita — admission o entrance is free

    entrada en or (esp AmL) a algo — entry into something

    tuvieron que forzar su entrada en el or al edificio — they had to force an entry into the building

    su entrada en or a escena — her entrance, her appearance on stage

    de entrada: dijo que no de entrada he said no right from the start; lo calé de entrada — (fam) I sized him up right away o (BrE) straightaway

    2) (en etapa, estado)

    entrada en algo: la entrada en vigor del nuevo impuesto — the coming into effect of the new tax

    3)
    a) (ingreso, incorporación) entry

    entrada en or (esp AmL) a algo: la entrada de Prusia en la alianza Prussia's entry into the alliance; la fecha de su entrada en el club the date he joined the club; esto le facilitó la entrada a la universidad — that made it easier for him to get into university

    b) (Mús) entry
    4)
    a) ( lugar de acceso) entrance

    entrada — entrance, way in

    entrada de artistas — ( en teatro) stage door; ( en sala de conciertos) artists' entrance

    b) ( vestíbulo) hall
    c) ( de tubería) intake, inlet; ( de circuito) input
    5) (Espec)
    a) ( ticket) ticket

    ¿cuánto cuesta la entrada? — how much are the tickets?

    b) ( concurrencia) (Teatr) audience; (Dep) attendance, gate
    c) ( recaudación) (Teatr) takings (pl); (Dep) gate receipts (pl)
    6) ( comienzo) beginning
    7) (Com, Fin)
    a) (Esp) ( depósito) deposit

    pagas $50 de entrada — you pay a $50 down payment o deposit

    b) ( ingreso) income

    entradas y salidas — income and expenditure, receipts and outgoings

    c) ( anotación) entry; ( en diccionario - artículo) entry; (- cabeza de artículo) headword
    8) ( de comida) starter
    9)
    a) ( en fútbol) tackle
    b) ( en béisbol) inning
    10) ( en el pelo)
    * * *
    entrada1
    1 = access, entry, influx, membership, accession, admittance, entrée, down payment, tackle, inlet, admission.

    Ex: Access to the contents of data bases is via some computer-searching technique, often using an online terminal.

    Ex: The entry, change, and extraction of word and phrases from abstracts is described in detail in Chapter 9.
    Ex: Many Americans viewed this influx of strangers with alarm.
    Ex: The sharing of expertise through membership of a club of existing users can be valuable.
    Ex: The documents concerning the accession of Greece to the European Communities were published in the official journal in 1979.
    Ex: New rules have made it possible to show films publicly with free admittance.
    Ex: Now that information is being distributed through the visual media, exhibitions can provide an entree for diversified and potentially larger audiences.
    Ex: Programs range from offering affordable on-campus condominiums to lending money for a house down payment.
    Ex: Footage from four decades of English soccer includes hard tackles, pushes and punches from club games.
    Ex: The cell arrival processes on the inlets of the switching element are of a bursty nature.
    Ex: Secondly, the admission of rules incompatible with the general ideology adopted inevitably entails subsequent remedial revision.
    * bandeja de entrada = take-up tray, inbox [in-box].
    * bien entrada la noche = late at night.
    * casillero de entrada = inbox [in-box].
    * conexión de entrada = inlet.
    * dar entrada = enter.
    * dar la entrada para = make + a deposit on.
    * datos de entrada = input data.
    * dispositivo de entrada de información mediante la voz = voice input device.
    * dispositivos de entrada = input equipment.
    * entrada aparatosa = explosive entrance.
    * entrada de aire = air intake.
    * entrada de datos = data entry, input, inputting.
    * entrada de datos sólo una vez = one-time entry.
    * entrada de lleno = plunge into.
    * entrada de nuevo = re-entry [reentry].
    * entrada de vuelta = flowing back.
    * entrada en vigor = entry into force.
    * entrada ilegal = trespass, trespassing.
    * entrada inicial = deposit.
    * entrada precipitada = plunge into.
    * entradas y salidas = comings and goings.
    * fichero de entrada = incoming file.
    * hall de entrada = entrance hall, lobby, entrance foyer.
    * hora de entrada = check-in time.
    * impedir la entrada = keep out.
    * negar la entrada = turn + Nombre + away.
    * norma de entrada de datos = input standard.
    * operario de entrada de datos = data entry operator.
    * paquete de entrada y comprobación de datos = data entry and validation package.
    * precio de entrada = price of admission.
    * prohibida la entrada = no admittance.
    * prohibir la entrada en = ban from.
    * puerta de entrada = entrance gate, entrance door.
    * puerto de entrada = port of entry.
    * punto de entrada = entry point, entrance point, point of entry.
    * rampa de entrada = driveway.
    * registro de entrada = accessions register, accession record.
    * sala de entrada = entrance lobby.
    * señal de entrada prohibida = No Entry sign.
    * sistema de entrada mediante tarjetas = card-entry system.
    * torno de control de entrada = turnstile.
    * válvula de entrada = inlet valve, intake valve.
    * visado de entrada = entry visa.

    entrada2
    2 = entrance, foyer, doorway, gateway, entranceway.

    Ex: Diagrammatic presentation of the layout of the collection conveniently placed, for example, near the entrance.

    Ex: The new library covers 4,700 square metres and shares a foyer with the art gallery.
    Ex: Heads started appearing in the doorway, muttering, 'Oh! So this is the library'.
    Ex: One of the roles of the local library is to act as a gateway to other information sources.
    Ex: The areas surveyed included the circulation and reference areas, the book stacks, the computer terminals, the newspaper reading room, the benches outside of the entranceway, and all other public seating areas.
    * entrada de artistas = stage door.
    * entrada de lectores = public entrance.
    * entrada para automóviles = driveway.
    * entrada para coches = driveway.
    * entrada principal = front entrance, main entrance.
    * esterilla de entrada = doormat.
    * esterilla de la entrada de la casa = welcome mat.

    entrada3
    3 = ticket.

    Ex: Frantic assistants fell over each other's feet trying to retrieve tickets from the rows and rows of issue trays = Los frenéticos auxiliares tropezaban unos con otros intentando coger los tickets de las filas y filas de cajones de préstamo.

    * agencia de venta de entradas = ticket agent, ticket agency.
    * elemento de entrada = entry element.
    * entrada gratis = free ticket.
    * entrada gratuita = free ticket.
    * entrada para otro día = rain cheque [rain check, -USA].
    * revendedor de entradas = ticket tout, ticket scalper.
    * reventa de entradas = scalping.
    * sistema de entrada múltiple = multiple entry system.
    * sistema de entrada única = single entry system.
    * vender todas las entradas de un Evento = sell out.
    * venta de entradas = ticketing.

    entrada4
    Nota: Del pelo.

    Ex: One look at your older brother's receding hairline shows you what's likely ahead.

    entrada5
    5 = entry, heading, index heading, rubric, index record.

    Ex: An entry is a logical grouping of elements arranged in a prescribed order which together constitute a single unit of information to be filed or arranged as such in a register, list, catalogue, etc.

    Ex: A heading is the initial element of an entry, used as the principal filing element when the entry is arranged in an alphabetical listing.
    Ex: If one word is used out of context as an index heading, plainly it will be difficult to establish the interpretation to be placed on the homograph.
    Ex: And, as another instance, it's not fair to employ rubrics for ethnic groups that are not their own, preferred names.
    Ex: Subject indexes consist of a series of index records with each record incorporating a word or phrase describing the subject acting as the access point, and further details.
    * añadir entradas = make + additions.
    * entrada alfabética = alphabetico-specific entry, alphabetical index heading.
    * entrada alfabética de materia = alphabetical subject entry.
    * entrada de autoridades = authority entry.
    * entrada de diario = journal entry.
    * entrada de forma = form entry.
    * entrada de materia = subject entry.
    * entrada de nombre = name entry.
    * entrada de nombre personal = personal name entry.
    * entrada de tesauro = thesaurus entry.
    * entrada directa = direct entry.
    * entrada ficticia = rogue entry.
    * entrada léxica = lexical entry.
    * entrada múltiple = multiple entry.
    * entrada por el título = title main entry.
    * entrada por palabra clave del título = catchword entry.
    * entrada principal = main entry.
    * entrada recíproca = reciprocal entry.
    * entrada secundaria = added entry, additional entry.
    * hacer una entrada = make + entry.
    * palabra de entrada principal = primary entry word.

    * * *
    A (acción) entrance
    hizo su entrada del brazo de su padre she made her entrance on her father's arm
    vigilaban sus entradas y salidas they watched his comings and goings
    [ S ] prohibida la entrada no entry
    la entrada es gratuita admission o entrance is free
    [ S ] entrada libre admission free
    la entrada masiva de divisas the huge inflow of foreign currency
    entrada EN or ( esp AmL) A algo entry INTO sth
    la entrada del ejército en or a la ciudad the entry of the army into the city
    la policía tuvo que forzar su entrada en el or al edificio the police had to force an entry into the building
    su entrada en or a escena fue muy aplaudida her entrance was greeted by loud applause, her appearance on stage was greeted by loud applause
    de entrada: nos dijo que no de entrada he said no at o from the outset, he said no right from the start
    lo calé de entrada ( fam); I sized him up right away o ( BrE) straightaway
    me cayó mal de entrada I disliked him right from the start, I took an immediate dislike to him
    B (en una etapa, un estado) entrada EN algo:
    después de la entrada en vigor del nuevo impuesto after the new tax comes/came into effect o force
    la fecha de entrada en funcionamiento de la nueva central the date for the new power station to begin operating o come into service
    C
    1 (ingreso, incorporación) entry entrada EN or ( esp AmL) A algo:
    la entrada de Prusia en la alianza Prussia's entry into the alliance
    la fecha de su entrada en la empresa/el club the date he joined the company/club
    esto le facilitó la entrada a la universidad this made it easier for him to get into university
    2 ( Mús) entry
    dio entrada a los violines he brought the violins in
    D
    entrada principal main entrance
    [ S ] entrada entrance, way in
    [ S ] entrada de artistas (en un teatro) stage door; (en una sala de conciertos) artists' entrance
    ésta es la única entrada this is the only way in o the only entrance
    te espero a la entrada del estadio I'll wait for you at the entrance to the stadium
    estaban repartiendo estos folletos a la entrada they were handing out these leaflets at the door
    las entradas a León the roads (leading) into León
    3 (de una tubería) intake, inlet; (de un circuito) input
    señal de entrada input signal
    Compuesto:
    air intake o inlet
    E ( Espec)
    1 (billete, ticket) ticket
    ¿cuánto cuesta la entrada? how much is it to get in?, how much are the tickets?
    ya he sacado las entradas I've already bought the tickets
    los niños pagan media entrada it's half-price for children, children pay half price
    2 (concurrencia) ( Teatr) audience; ( Dep) attendance, gate
    la plaza de toros registró media entrada the bullring was half full
    3 (recaudación) ( Teatr) takings (pl); ( Dep) gate receipts (pl)
    F (comienzo) beginning
    con la entrada del invierno with the beginning o onset of winter
    G ( Com, Fin)
    1 (ingreso) income
    ésa es su única entrada that's her only income
    la suma de sus entradas his total income
    entradas y salidas income and expenditure, receipts and outgoings
    2 (anotación) entry
    3 ( Esp) (depósito) deposit
    dar una entrada para una casa/un coche to put down a deposit on a house/a car
    pagas $50 de entrada y el resto en 48 mensualidades you pay a $50 down payment o deposit and the rest in 48 monthly payments
    4 ( Méx) ( Jueg) ante
    ¿cúal or de cúanto es la entrada? what's the ante?
    H (en un diccionario — artículo) entry; (— cabeza de artículo) headword
    I (de una comida) starter
    J (en fútbol) tackle
    K (en béisbol) inning
    L
    (en el pelo): tiene entradas muy pronunciadas he has a badly receding hairline
    * * *

     

    entrada sustantivo femenino
    1 ( acción) entrance;
    ◊ la entrada es gratuita admission o entrance is free;

    vigilaban sus entradas y salidas they watched his comings and goings;

    ( on signs) prohibida la entrada no entry;
    ( on signs) entrada libre admission free;

    entrada en or (esp AmL) a algo entry into sth;
    forzaron su entrada en el or al edificio they forced an entry into the building;
    de entrada right from the start
    2
    a) (en etapa, estado):


    b) (ingreso, incorporación) entry;


    esto le facilitó la entrada a la universidad that made it easier for him to get into university

    espérame en or a la entrada wait for me at the entrance;


    3 (Espec) ticket;

    4 (Com, Fin)
    a) (Esp) ( depósito) deposit



    5 ( de comida) starter
    6 (Dep)



    7 ( en el pelo):

    entrado,-a adj (un periodo de tiempo) advanced: ya está muy entrado el curso, we're well into the school year
    ♦ Locuciones: entrado en años, advanced in years
    entrada sustantivo femenino
    1 (acceso) entrance
    2 (para espectáculos) ticket
    entrada libre, free admission
    3 (concurrencia, taquilla) Dep gate
    Teat attendance
    4 (vestíbulo) hall
    5 (pago inicial) deposit
    6 (en un grupo, lugar) entry: hizo una entrada triunfal, he made a triumphant entry
    7 Culin starter
    8 Com (ingresos) income
    entrada de divisas, inflow of foreign exchange
    9 (en la cabellera) receding hairline
    10 Ftb tackle
    ♦ Locuciones: de entrada, for a start: de entrada nos negamos a aceptar sus condiciones, for a start we refuse to accept their conditions
    ' entrada' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acceso
    - boca
    - boleto
    - condenar
    - fichar
    - ingreso
    - localidad
    - portal
    - prohibida
    - prohibido
    - reventa
    - sacar
    - sellar
    - tapar
    - tique
    - tíquet
    - vado
    - a
    - adelante
    - aglomeración
    - ajustar
    - antelación
    - asegurar
    - bien
    - bloquear
    - boleta
    - caro
    - coger
    - conseguir
    - cortesía
    - desbloquear
    - entrado
    - franquear
    - impedir
    - negar
    - permitir
    - pórtico
    - prohibir
    - robo
    - servicio
    - sobra
    - triunfal
    - valer
    English:
    access
    - admission
    - admittance
    - bar
    - bound
    - break in
    - burglarize
    - cue
    - deposit
    - doorway
    - down payment
    - drive
    - driveway
    - enter
    - entrance
    - entrance fee
    - entrance requirements
    - entry
    - far
    - fee
    - formality
    - free
    - gate
    - gateway
    - hall
    - hallway
    - inlet
    - input
    - intake
    - into
    - keep out
    - midnight
    - mouth
    - pit stop
    - porch
    - prep school
    - scramble
    - stage door
    - starter
    - tackle
    - ticket
    - ticket holder
    - turn up
    - way
    - admit
    - assure
    - ban
    - door
    - down
    - gross
    * * *
    1. [acción] entry;
    prohibida la entrada [en letrero] no entry;
    hizo una entrada espectacular she made a spectacular entrance;
    la entrada del equipo en el campo fue recibida con aplausos applause broke out when the team came out on to the pitch;
    la entrada de nuevos países a la organización the entry of new countries into the organization;
    están en contra de su entrada en la organización they're opposed to him joining the organization;
    su entrada en escena fue triunfal he made a triumphant entrance;
    celebraron su entrada a o [m5] en la sociedad they celebrated her admission into the society;
    se ha aplazado la entrada en funcionamiento de la nueva línea férrea the opening of the new railway o US railroad line has been postponed;
    dar entrada a to let in, to admit
    entrada en vigor:
    hoy se cumple un año de la entrada en vigor de la ley it is a year today since the act came into force
    2. [lugar] entrance;
    [puerta] doorway; [recibidor] entrance hall; Min adit;
    la entrada al teatro estaba llena de admiradores the theatre entrance was packed with admirers;
    se quedó esperando en la entrada she waited at the entrance;
    te espero a la entrada del cine I'll meet you outside the cinema;
    entrada [en letrero] entrance, way in
    entrada principal main entrance;
    entrada de servicio service entrance
    3. Tec inlet, intake;
    conducto/válvula de entrada intake pipe/valve
    entrada de aire air intake
    4. [en espectáculos] [billete] ticket;
    [recaudación] receipts, takings;
    sacar una entrada (a o [m5] para alguien) to buy a ticket (for sb);
    los mayores de 65 años no pagan entrada people over the age of 65 don't have to pay to get in;
    no hay entradas [en letrero] sold out;
    entrada libre o [m5] gratuita [en letrero] admission free
    5. [público] audience;
    [en estadio] attendance;
    el campo registró menos de media entrada the stadium was less than half full
    6. Esp [pago inicial] down payment, deposit;
    hay que pagar un millón de entrada you have to put down a million as a deposit;
    dimos una entrada de dos millones we paid a deposit of two million
    7. [en contabilidad] income
    8. [en un menú] first course, Br starter, US appetizer
    9. [en la frente]
    tener entradas to have a receding hairline
    10. [en un diccionario] entry
    11. [principio] beginning, start;
    la entrada del año the beginning of the year;
    de entrada: de entrada no me gustó, pero… at first I didn't like it, but…;
    de entrada me insultó y luego me explicó sus motivos first she insulted me, then she explained why;
    me di cuenta de entrada de que algo andaba mal I realized from the start o from the word go that something was wrong;
    de entrada lo reconocí I recognized him right from the start
    12. [en fútbol] tackle;
    entrada dura o [m5] violenta heavy challenge;
    entrada en plancha sliding tackle
    13. [en béisbol] inning
    14. Informát input
    entrada de datos data entry, data input;
    entrada-salida input-output, I/O
    15. Mús
    la entrada de los violines es espectacular violins come in very dramatically
    16. Cuba, Méx [paliza] beating
    17. Comp
    Méx, RP Fam
    dar entrada a alguien [flirtear] to flirt with sb;
    Méx
    de entrada por salida [tiempo] for a moment;
    [persona] paid by the hour
    * * *
    f
    1 acción entry;
    hacer su entrada make one’s entrance
    2 lugar entrance;
    entrada a la autopista on ramp, Br slip road
    3 localidad ticket
    4 pago deposit, downpayment
    :
    entrada del año start o beginning of the year;
    de entrada from the outset, from the start
    6 de comida starter
    7
    :
    entradas pl en frente receding hairline sg
    8 Cu, Méx en béisbol inning
    9 en fútbol tackle;
    hacer una entrada a alguien tackle s.o., make a tackle on s.o.
    * * *
    1) : entrance, entry
    2) : ticket, admission
    3) : beginning, onset
    4) : entrée
    5) : cue (in music)
    6) entradas nfpl
    : income
    entradas y salidas: income and expenditures
    7)
    tener entradas : to have a receding hairline
    * * *
    1. (puerta) entrance
    2. (vestíbulo) hall / hallway
    4. (billete) ticket
    5. (admisión) admission
    6. (depósito) deposit
    cuando se compra un piso, se suele dar una entrada when you buy a flat, you usually pay a deposit
    7. (en fútbol) tackle
    ¡qué entrada más dura! what a nasty tackle!
    de entrada at first / to start with

    Spanish-English dictionary > entrada

  • 17 अश्वः _aśvḥ

    अश्वः [अश्नुते अध्वानं व्याप्नोति, महाशनो वा भवति Nir.; अश्-क्वन् Uṇ.1.149]
    1 A horse; the horses are said to have 7 breeds:- अमृताद् बाष्पतो वह्नेर्वेदेभ्यो$ण़्डाच्च गर्भतः । साम्नो हयानामुत्पत्तिः सप्तधा परिकीर्तिता ॥
    -2 A symbolical expression for the number 'seven' (that being the number of the horses of the Sun) सूर्याश्वैर्मसजस्तताः सगुरवः शार्दूलविक्रीडितम् V. Ratn.
    -3 A race of men (horselike in strength); काष्ठतुल्यवपुर्धृष्यो मिथ्याचारश्च निर्भयः । द्वादशाङ्गुलमेढ्रश्च दरिद्रस्तु हयो मतः ॥
    -श्वौ (du.) A horse and a mare.
    -श्वाः horses and mares. [cf. L. equus; Gr. hippos; Zend aspa; Pers. asp.]
    -Comp. -अक्षः N. of a plant देवसर्षप.
    -अजनी a whip अश्वाजनि प्रचेतसो$श्वान् त्समत्सु चोदय Rv.6.75.13.
    -अधिक a. strong in cavalry, superior in horses.
    -अध्यक्षः a guardian of horses, commander of horse-cavalry.
    -अनीकम् a troop of horse- men, cavalry.
    -अरिः a buffalo.
    -अवरोहकः N. of a tree अश्वगन्धा.
    -आयुर्वेदः veterinary science concerning hores.
    -आरूढ a. mounted, sitting on horse-back.
    -आरोह a. riding or mounted on horse. (
    -हः)
    1 a horseman, rider.
    -2 one who is fighting.
    -3 a ride.
    (-हा), -आरोहकः N. of the plant अश्वगन्धा.
    -आरोहणीयम् Horsemen, cavalry. इदानीमश्वारोहणीयं क्व गतम् Pratijñā. 1.
    -आरोहिन् a. mounted or riding on horseback.
    -इषित a. hurried along by horses.
    - उरस a. broad-chested like a horse. (
    -सम्) the chief or principal horse.
    -कन्दा, -कन्दिका N. of a plant अश्वगन्धा.
    -कर्णः, -कर्णकः 1 a kind of tree (Vatica Robusta; Mar. साग, राळ) Rām.1.24.15; Māl.9.
    -2 the ear of a horse.
    -3 a term in surgery for a particular fracture of the bones. (
    -र्णः) N. of a mountain.
    -कुटी a stable for horses; Pt.5.
    -कुशल, -कोविद a. skilled in managing horses.
    -क्रन्दः 1 N. of a bird.
    -2 a general of the army of the gods.
    -खरजः [अश्वश्च खरी च अश्वा च खरश्च वा ताभ्यां जायते पुंवद्भावः Tv.] a kind of horse, mule.
    -खुरः 1 a horse's hoof.
    -2 a kind of perfume. (
    -रा) N. of the plant अपराजिता.
    -गति f.
    1 the pace of a horse.
    -2 N. of a metre containing four lines of sixteen syllables in each.
    -गन्धा [अश्वस्य गन्ध एकदेशो मेढ्रमिव मूलमस्याः] N. of a plant Physalis Flexuosa Lin; ˚तैलम् a kind of oil.
    -गुप्तः N. of a Buddhist teacher.
    -गोयुगः, -गम् a pair of horses.
    -गोष्ठम् a stable.
    -ग्रीवः 1 N. of a demon who was a foe of Viṣṇu.
    -घासः a pasture for horses.
    -घासकायस्थः An officer in charge of the fodder for the horses Rāj. T.3.489.
    -घोषः N. of a Buddhist writer.
    -घ्नः [अश्वं हन्ति अमनुष्यकर्तृकत्वात्]
    1 a horse-bane.
    -2 N. of a kind of Oleander, Nerium Odorum Ait. (Mar. पांढरी कण्हेर)
    -चक्रम् 1 a collection of horses.
    -2 a kind of wheel.
    -चर्या Taking care of a horse; तस्या- श्वचर्यां काकुस्थ दृढधन्वा महारथः (अंशुमानकरोत्) Rām.1.396-7.
    -चलनशाला a riding house.
    -चिकित्सकः, -वैद्यः a far- rier, a veterinary surgeon.
    -चिकिसा farriery, veteri- nary science.
    -चेष्टितम् 1 the motion of horses.
    -2 an omen, auspicious or inauspicious.
    -जघनः a kind of centaur; a creature having his lower limbs like those of a horse.
    -जित् a. gaining horses by conquest. Rv.2.21.1; पवस्व गोजिदश्वजित् Rv.9.59.1.
    -जीवनः gram.
    -तीर्थम् N. of a place of pilgrimage near Kānyakubja on the Gaṅgā; अदूरे कान्यकुब्जस्य गङ्गायास्तीर- मुत्तमम् । अश्वतीर्थं तदद्यापि मानैवः परिचक्ष्यते ॥ Mb.13.4.17
    -द a. giving horses; Ms.4.231.
    -दंष्ट्रा the plant Tribulus Lanuginosus (गोक्षुर, Mar. गोखरू).
    -दाः, -दावन् m. giving horses. अरिष्टो येषां रथो व्यश्वदावन्नीयते Rv.5.18. 3.
    -दूतः a riding messenger.
    -नदी N. of a river.
    -नाथः one who has the charge of a drove of grazing horses; a horse herd.
    -निबन्धिकः a groom, a horse- fastener.
    -निर्णिज् a. Ved. decorated or embellished with horses, गोअर्णसि त्वाष्ट्रे अश्वनिर्णिजि Rv.1.76.3.
    -पः Ved. a groom; Vāj.3.11.
    -पतिः 1 lord of horses Rv.8.21.3.
    -2 N. of several persons; of a king of Madra and father of Sāvitri.
    -पर्ण a. [अश्वानां पर्णं गमनं यत्र]
    1 having horses (as a chariot); Rv.1.88.1.
    -2 a cloud (that penetrates everywhere).
    -पालः, -पालकः, -रक्षः a horse-groom.
    -पुच्छी N. of the tree माषपर्णी Glycine Debilis. (Mar. रान उडीद).
    -पृष्ठम् horse back.
    -पेशस् a. decorated or embellished with horses; ये स्तोतृभ्यो गोअग्रामश्वपेशसम् Rv.2.1.16.
    -बन्धः a groom.
    -बन्धन a. used for fastening horses. (
    -नम्) fastening of horses.
    -बला N. of a vegetable (Mar. मेथी).
    -बालः 1 a kind of reed, Saccharum Spontaneum Lin. (Mar. बोरू).
    -2 the tail or hair of a horse.
    -बुध्न a. Ved. based on horses, standing on horses, i. e. on a carriage drawn by horses; अस्य पत्मन्नरुषीरश्ववुध्ना Rv.1.8.3.
    -बुध्य a. Ved. based on horses, having its origin in horses (wealth); distinguished by horses Rv.1.121. 14.
    -भा lightning.
    -मन्दुरा A stable of horses.
    -महिषिका [अश्वमहिषयोर्वैरं वुन्] the natural enmity be- tween a horse and a buffalo.
    -मारः, -मारकः, -हन्तृ m. 'horse-destroying', a kind of Oleander, Nerium Odorum Ait. (Mar. पांढरी कण्हेर).
    -मालः a kind of serpent.
    -मुख a. [अश्वस्य मुखमिव मुखमस्य] having the head or face of a horse. (
    -खः) a horse-faced creature, a Kinnara or celestial chorister; (according to others) a kind of demigod distinct from the preceding. (
    -खी) a Kinnara woman; भिन्दन्ति मन्दां गतिमश्वमुख्यः Ku.1.11.
    -मुक् m. a horse-stealer.
    -मेधः [अश्वः प्रधानतया मेध्यते हिंस्यते$त्र, मेध् हिंसने घञ्] a horse-sacrifice; यथाश्वमेधः क्रतुराट् सर्वपापापनोदनः Ms.11.26. [In Vedic times this sacrifice was performed by kings desirous of offspring; but subsequently it was performed only by kings and implied that he who instituted it, was a conqueror and king of kings. A horse was turned loose to wander at will for a year, attended by a guardian; when the horse entered a foreign country, the ruler was bound either to submit or to fight. In this way the horse returned at the end of a year, the guardian obtaining or enforcing the submission of princes whom he brought in his train. After the successful return of the horse, the rite called Asva- medha was performed amidst great rejoicings. It was believed that the performance of 1 such sacrifices would lead to the attainment of the seat or world of Indra, who is, therefore, always repre- sented as trying to prevent the completion of the hundredth sacrifice. cf. Rv.1.162-163 hymns; Vāj.22 seq.]
    ˚काण्डम् N. of the thirteenth book of the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa.
    -मेधिक, -मेधीय a. fit for a horse-sacrifice, or relating to it. (
    -कः, -यः) a horse fit for the Aśvamedha sacrifice. (
    -कम्) the fourteenth parvan in the Mahābhārata; ततो$श्वमेधिकं पर्व प्रोक्तं तच्च चतुर्दशम् Mb.
    -युज् a.
    1 yoking the horses; वयोवृधो अश्वयुजः परिज्रयः Rv.5.54.2.
    -2 having horses yoked to it (as a carriage); रथेनाश्वयुजा Rām.
    -3 born under the constellation अश्वयुज्. (f.)
    1 N. of a constellation, the head of Aries.
    -2 the first lunar mansion.
    -3 the month of Āśvina.
    -4 a chariot having horses.
    -यूपः the post to which the sacrificial horse was bound; ये अश्वयूपाय तक्षति Rv.1.162.6.
    -योग a.
    1 causing the yoking of horses.
    -2 joining or reaching as quickly as horses; उत न ईं मतयो$श्वयोगाः Rv.1.186.7.
    -रक्षः the keeper or rider of a horse, a groom.
    -रथः a carriage drawn by horses. (
    -था) N. of a river near गन्धमादन.
    -रत्नम्, -राजः the best or lord of horses; i. e. उच्चैःश्रवस्.
    -राधस् a. Ved. furnishing horses; शुम्भन्त्यश्वराधसः Rv.1.21.2.
    -रिपुः A buffalo; Bhāvaprakāśa.
    -रोधकः N. of a plant (अंश्वमार); see अश्वघ्न.
    -लक्षणम् a sign or mark of a horse.
    -ललितम् N. of a species of the Vikṛiti metre.
    -लाला a kind of snake.
    -लोमन् n. horse-hair; a kind of snake.
    -वक्त्रः = अश्वमुख q. v.; a Kinnara or Gandharva.
    -वडवम् a stud of horses and mares; P.II.4.12,27. mares.
    -वदनः = ˚मुख.
    -वहः a horseman.
    -वाजिन् a. Having the strength of a horse; स मातरिश्वा विभुरश्ववाजी Mb.13.158.2.
    -वारः, -वालः, -वारकः [अश्वं वारयति उप. स.] a horseman, groom; दुःखेन निश्चक्रमुरश्ववाराः Śi.3.66.
    -वारणम् N. of the Bos Gavaeus (गवय).
    -वाहः, -वाहकः [अश्वं वाहयति चालयति] a horseman.
    -विक्रयिन् a. a horse-dealer.
    -विद् a.
    1 skilled in taming or managing horses.
    -2 [अश्वं विन्दते विद्-क्विप्] procuring horses; उत नो गोविद- श्ववित् Rv.9.55.3. (m.)
    1 a jockey.
    -2 an epithet of Nala.
    -वृषः a stallion; वडवेतराभवदश्ववृष इतरः Bṛi. Up.1.4.4.
    -वैद्यः a farrier.
    -व्रतम् N. of sāman.
    -शकृत् n.,
    -शकम् Ved.
    1 excrements of a horse, horse-dung.
    -2 N. of a river.
    -शङ्कुः a pillar to tie a horse.
    -शाला a stable;
    -शावः a colt, a foal.
    -शास्त्रम् 1 manual or text-book of veterinary science;
    -2 N. of the work of Nakula.
    -शिरस् a. having the head of a horse, an epithet of Nārāyaṇa. (n.)
    1 a horse's head.
    -2 N. of a Dānava.
    -शृगालिका [अश्वशृगालयोर्वैरं द्वन्द्वाद् वैरे वुन्] the natural enmity between a horse and a jackal.
    -षङ्गवम् a set or team of six horses.
    -सधर्मन् a. Resembling horses in work; अश्वसधर्माणो हि मनुष्याः नियुक्ताः कर्मसु विकुर्वते । Kau. A.2.9.
    -सनि, -षा, -सा a. Ved. (P.VIII.3.11 and Mbh.) gaining or procuring horses, giving horses; यस्ते$अश्वसनिर्भक्षो Vāj.8. 12.
    -सादः, -सादिन् m. a horseman, a rider, a horse- soldier; पूर्वं प्रहर्ता न जघान भूयः प्रतिप्रहाराक्षममश्वसादी R.7. 47; Vāj.3-13.
    -सारथ्यम् coachmanship, charioteer- ship, management of horses and chariots; सूतानाम- श्वसारथ्यम् Ms.1.47.
    -सूक्तिन् N. of the author of the hymns Rv.8.14.15.
    -सूत्रम् A text book of the management of horses.
    -सूनृत a. Ved.
    1 praised sincerely for (the gift of) horses; cf. Rv.5.79,1-1.
    -2 whose praise for (giving) horses is agreeable and true.
    -सेनः 1 N. of a king.
    -2 N. of a Nāga.
    -3 N. of the father of the twentythird Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī.
    -स्तोमीय a. relating to the praise of the sacrificial horse. N. of the Ṛigvedic hymn 1. 162.
    -स्थान a. born in a stable. (
    -नम्) a stable or stall for horses; Y.1.279.
    -हन्तृ a. killing a horse, (
    -ता) N. of a fragrant plant.
    -हय a. [अश्वेन हिनोति गच्छति हि कर्तरि अच्]
    1 driving or spurring a horse, riding a horse; प्रत्यर्धिर्यज्ञानामश्वहयो रथानाम् Rv.1.26. 5.
    -2 to be traversed by a horse; समस्य हरिं हरयो मृजन्त्यश्वहयैरनिशितं नमोभिः Rv.9.96.2.
    -हारकः a horse- stealer; पङ्गुतामश्वहारकः Ms.11.51.
    -हृदयम् [अश्वस्य हृदय- मनोगतभावादि]
    1 the desire or intention of a horse.
    -2 a kind of veterinary science.
    -3 horsemanship; अश्वहृदये निवेश्यात्मानम् K.8.
    -या N. of the Apsaras रम्भा.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > अश्वः _aśvḥ

  • 18 Cobbett, William

    [br]
    b. 9 March 1762 Farnham, Surrey, England
    d. 17 June 1835 Guildford, Surrey, England
    [br]
    English political writer and activist; writer on rural affairs, with a particular concern for the conditions of the agricultural worker; a keen experimental farmer who claimed responsibility for the import of Indian maize to Britain.
    [br]
    The son of a smallholder farmer and self-taught surveyor, William Cobbett was brought up to farm work from an early age. In 1783 he took employment as an attorney's clerk in London, but not finding this to his liking he travelled to Chatham with the intention of joining the Navy. A mistake in "taking the King's shilling" found him in an infantry regiment. After a year's training he was sent out to Nova Scotia and quickly gained the rank of sergeant major. On leaving the Army he brought corruption charges against three officers in his regiment, but did not press with the prosecution. England was not to his taste, and he returned to North America with his wife.
    In America Cobbett taught English to the growing French community displaced by the French Revolution. He found American criticism of Britain ill-balanced and in 1796 began to publish a daily newspaper under the title Porcupine's Gazetteer, in which he wrote editorials in defence of Britain. His writings won him little support from the Americans. However, on returning to London in 1800 he was offered, but turned down, the management of a Government newspaper. Instead he began to produce a daily paper called the Porcupine, which was superseded in 1802 by Cobbett's Political Register, this publication continued on a weekly basis until after his death. In 1803 he also began the Parliamentary Debates, which later merged into Hansard, the official report of parliamentary proceedings.
    In 1805 Cobbett took a house and 300-acre (120-hectare) farm in Hampshire, from which he continued to write, but at the same time followed the pursuits he most enjoyed. In 1809 his criticism of the punishment given to mutineers in the militia at Ely resulted in his own imprisonment. On his release in 1812 he decided that the only way to remain an independent publisher was to move back to the USA. He bought a farm at Hampstead, Long Island, New York, and published A Year's Residence in America, which contains, amongst other things, an interesting account of a farmer's year.
    Returning to Britain in the easier political climate of the 1820s, Cobbett bought a small seed farm in Kensington, then outside London. From there he made a number of journeys around the country, publishing accounts of them in his famous Rural Rides. His experiments and advice on the sowing and cultivation of crops, particularly turnips and swedes, and on forestry, were an important mechanism for the spread of ideas within the UK. He also claimed that he was the first to introduce the acacia and Indian maize to Britain. Much of his writing expresses a concern for the rural poor and he was firmly convinced that only parliamentary reform would achieve the changes needed. His political work and writing led to his election as Member of Parlaiment for Oldham in the 1835 election, which followed the Reform Act of 1832. However, by this time his energy was failing rapidly and he died peacefully at Normandy Farm, near Guildford, at the age of 73.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    Cobbett's Observations on Priestley's Emigration, published in 1794, was the first of his pro-British tracts written in America. On the basis of his stay in that country he wrote A Year's Residence in America. His books on agricultural practice included Woodlands (1825) and Treatise on Cobbett's Corn (1828). Dealing with more social problems he wrote an English Grammar for the use of Apprentices, Plough Boys, Soldiers and Sailors in 1818, and Cottage Economy in 1821.
    Further Reading
    Albert Pell, 1902, article in Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England 63:1–26 (describes the life and writings of William Cobbett).
    James Sambrook, 1973, William Cobbett, London: Routledge (a more detailed study).
    AP

    Biographical history of technology > Cobbett, William

  • 19 join

    join [dʒɔɪn]
    adhérer à ⇒ 1 (a) s'engager dans ⇒ 1 (a) entrer dans ⇒ 1 (a) s'inscrire à ⇒ 1 (a) rejoindre ⇒ 1 (b), 1 (e) se joindre à ⇒ 1 (b) joindre ⇒ 1 (c) unir ⇒ 1 (c), 1 (d) raccorder ⇒ 1 (c) relier ⇒ 1 (d) devenir membre ⇒ 2 (a) se joindre ⇒ 2 (b), 2 (c) se raccorder ⇒ 2 (b) s'unir ⇒ 2 (c) raccord ⇒ 3 couture ⇒ 3 joint ⇒ 3
    (a) (political party, club) adhérer à; (armed forces, police) s'engager dans; (company, group, religious order) entrer dans; (class, course) s'inscrire pour ou à;
    ∎ join the army! engagez-vous!;
    ∎ figurative so you've been burgled too? join the club! alors, toi aussi tu as été cambriolé? bienvenue au club!
    (b) (join company with, meet) rejoindre; (in activity or common purpose) se joindre à;
    ∎ I'll join you later je vous rejoindrai ou retrouverai plus tard;
    ∎ she joined the procession elle se joignit au cortège;
    ∎ I joined the queue at the ticket office j'ai fait la queue au guichet;
    ∎ to join one's ship rallier son navire;
    ∎ to join one's regiment rejoindre son régiment;
    ∎ will you join us? voulez-vous vous joindre à nous?;
    ∎ may I join you? puis-je me joindre à vous?;
    ∎ they joined us for lunch ils nous ont retrouvés pour déjeuner;
    ∎ will you join me for or in a drink? vous prendrez bien un verre avec moi?;
    ∎ why don't you join (us at) our table? venez donc vous asseoir à notre table!;
    ∎ we are joined in the studio by Bruce Johnson Bruce Johnson vient nous rejoindre ou vient se joindre à nous dans notre studio;
    ∎ he didn't want to join the dancing il n'a pas voulu se joindre ou se mêler aux danseurs;
    ∎ my wife joins me in offering our sincere condolences ma femme se joint à moi pour vous adresser nos sincères condoléances;
    ∎ Military to join one's regiment rejoindre son régiment;
    ∎ Nautical to join one's ship rejoindre son bâtiment
    (c) (attach, fasten → planks, pieces of material) joindre, unir; (→ pipes, electric wires) raccorder; (→ edges of a wound) rapprocher, réunir;
    ∎ to join (up) the two ends of a rope nouer les deux bouts d'une corde;
    ∎ you have to join these two electric wires il faut raccorder ces deux fils électriques;
    ∎ the workmen joined the pipes (together) les ouvriers ont raccordé les tuyaux;
    ∎ the Siamese twins are joined at the thigh les frères siamois sont rattachés (l'un à l'autre) par la cuisse
    (d) (unite) relier, unir;
    ∎ to be joined in marriage or matrimony être uni par les liens du mariage;
    ∎ to join hands (in prayer) joindre les mains; (link hands) se donner la main;
    ∎ we must join forces (against the enemy) nous devons unir nos forces (contre l'ennemi);
    ∎ she joined forces with her brother elle s'est alliée à son frère;
    ∎ to join battle (with) entrer en lutte (avec), engager le combat (avec)
    (e) (intersect with) rejoindre;
    ∎ does this path join the main road? est-ce que ce chemin rejoint la grand-route?;
    ∎ we camped where the stream joins the river nous avons campé là où le ruisseau rejoint la rivière
    (a) (become a member) devenir membre
    (b) (planks, pieces of material) se joindre; (pipes, electric wires) se raccorder
    (c) (form an alliance) s'unir, se joindre;
    ∎ they joined together to fight drug trafficking ils se sont unis pour lutter contre le trafic de drogue;
    ∎ we all join with you in your sorrow (sympathize) nous nous associons tous à votre douleur
    3 noun
    (in broken china, wallpaper) (ligne f de) raccord m; Sewing (in fabric) couture f; Technology (junction between elements) joint m
    ➲ join in
    se mettre de la partie, participer, prendre part;
    ∎ she started singing and the others joined in elle a commencé à chanter et les autres se sont mis à chanter avec elle
    participer à, prendre part à;
    ∎ she never joins in the conversation elle ne participe jamais à la conversation;
    ∎ he joined in the protest il s'associa aux protestations;
    ∎ all join in the chorus! reprenez tous le refrain en chœur!
    ➲ join on
    s'attacher;
    ∎ where does this part join on? où cette pièce vient-elle se rattacher?;
    ∎ they joined on at the end of the parade ils se sont mis à la queue du défilé
    attacher, ajouter;
    ∎ we got off the train while they were joining on more coaches nous sommes descendus du train pendant que l'on accrochait de nouveaux wagons
    ➲ join up
    (a) (for armed forces) s'engager; (for class, course) s'inscrire
    (b) (planks, pieces of material) se toucher, se joindre; (pipes, electric wires) se raccorder
    ∎ to join up with sb rejoindre qn
    (planks, pieces of material) joindre, assembler; (pipes, electric wires) raccorder; (two machines) accoupler

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > join

  • 20 shirikiana

    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -shirikiana
    [English Word] cooperate
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Word] shiriki V
    [Swahili Example] Sisi tunashirikiana kusaidia watoto maskini
    [English Example] we are cooperating in helping poor children
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -shirikiana
    [English Word] join forces
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Word] shiriki V
    [Swahili Example] Jeshi la Uganda linashirikiana na jeshi la Congo
    [English Example] the Ugandan army is joining forces with the Congolese army
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -shirikiana
    [English Word] be partners together
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Word] shiriki V
    [Swahili Example] Nchi ya USA inashirikiana kibiashara na nchi ya Mexico
    [English Example] United States is in business partnership with Mexico
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -shirikiana
    [English Word] be jointly responsible
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Word] shiriki V
    [Swahili Example] Shule zinashirikiana kufunza wanafunzi lugha ya kigeni
    [English Example] the schoos are jointly responsible for teaching the students foreign languages
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -shirikiana
    [English Word] share with each other
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Swahili Example] yu tayari kushirikiana naye kwa lo lote atakalotaka [Sul]
    [English Example] you are ready to share with him/her in everything that will be possible
    ------------------------------------------------------------

    Swahili-english dictionary > shirikiana

Страницы
  • 1
  • 2

См. также в других словарях:

  • The DemonWars Saga — is a series of seven novels written by R.A. Salvatore. The series is set in the world of Corona, principally in the kingdoms of Honce the Bear and Behren, and amongst the nomadic To gai ru. The Saga is separated into two trilogies bridged by a… …   Wikipedia

  • The Last Puritan — The Last Puritan: A Memoir in the Form of a Novel was written by the American philosopher George Santayana. The novel is set largely in the fictional town of Great Falls, Connecticut; Boston; and England, in and around Oxford. It relates the life …   Wikipedia

  • (the) fair sex — the fair/fairer sex old fashioned women. My father hated the idea of me joining the army. He always said it wasn t a suitable occupation for the fair sex …   New idioms dictionary

  • (the) fairer sex — the fair/fairer sex old fashioned women. My father hated the idea of me joining the army. He always said it wasn t a suitable occupation for the fair sex …   New idioms dictionary

  • The Sentinel (TV series) — Infobox television show name = The Sentinel caption = From left to right: Simon Banks, Jim Ellison Blair Sandburg format = Science fiction Drama runtime = approx. 45 min (per episode) creator = Danny Bilson Paul De Meo starring = Richard Burgi… …   Wikipedia

  • Army —    Officially known as the Russian Ground Forces (sukhoputnyie voiska Rossiiskoi federatsii), the army in its current form dates to 1992 when a plan to maintain a joint military among the various members of the Commonwealth of Independent States… …   Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation

  • The KLF — Infobox musical artist Name = The KLF Img capt = Img size = Landscape = Background = group or band Alias = The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, The JAMs, The Timelords Origin = London, England Years active = 1987–1992, 1995, 1997 Label = KLF, Arista …   Wikipedia

  • The Grantville Gazette — infobox Book | name = Grantville Gazette author = Eric Flint, et al. image caption = Grantville Gazette I Trade Paperback cover (No hardcover edition published). cover artist = Thomas Kidd country = United States language = English series = 1632… …   Wikipedia

  • The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord — This article is about the organization. For the Cabaret Voltaire album, see The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord (album). The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord (CSA) was a radical Christian Identity organization formed in… …   Wikipedia

  • The Thin Blue Line (TV series) — infobox television show name = The Thin Blue Line caption = The Complete Thin Blue Line DVD format = Sitcom runtime = 30 minutes creator = starring = Rowan Atkinson James Dreyfus Mina Anwar Serena Evans Rudolph Walker David Haig Kevin Allen Mark… …   Wikipedia

  • The Whitest Kids U' Know — Infobox Television show name = The Whitest Kids U Know caption = format = Independent sketch comedy runtime = 20 24 min (Fuse) 30 min (IFC) creator = Sam Brown Zach Cregger Trevor Moore Darren Trumeter Timmy Williams starring = Sam Brown Zach… …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»